NZ's Search for Security and Identity in the 20th century Flashcards
From where did most of the immigrants to NZ come from?
England and Scotland
When was NZ granted Dominion Status and what does this mean?
In September 1907 and it is the status given to a British colony to give them control over their own affairs.
What were our major exports and to whom were a majority sent to?
They were meat, wool and butter and were sent to Britain.
When did NZ send troops to German Samoa and how many troops were sent?
29 August 1914, 1500 men
What did Britain do in response to the growing power of the Japanese naval fleet?
They built a major naval base in Singapore .
What is the definition of the word isolationist?
A term given to nations who are reluctant to become involved in international affairs.
When did many countries adopt the Statue of Westminster, what is it, and why did NZ choose not to adopt it?
Many countries adopted the Statue of Westminster in 1931. That allowed these countries to gain control over their own foreign policy. However, NZ did not adopt it as we preferred to retain our ties with the ‘Mother Country’.
What treaty did NZ sign in 1919 and what did it mean for us?
NZ signed the Treaty of Versailles and this allowed NZ to join the League of Nations.
Why was preserving our British market a major priority of our government?
As the Great Depression of the 1930’s resulted in falling prices for our export products making the us feeling more economically insecure than ever.
Who did we rely on heavily for security on after WW2
United States of America
Define sovereignty
The right to self rule.
What was the Cold War
The rivalry between The Soviet Union and the United States based on opposing ideologies - communism vs capitalism - that developed after WW2
What caused NZ to fear communism was a threat to our security?
When a communist government led by Mao Zedong took over China in 1949. This feeling was further strengthened when the Soviet Union detonated an atomic bomb in 1949. This signaled the beginning of the arms race.
What was the line that split North and South Korea
The 38th parallel
Who indirectly controlled North and South Korea
The Soviet Union controlled the North while U.S.A controlled the South
Who were the leaders of North and South Korea?
North- Kim Il Sung
South-Syngnam Rhee
When did North Korea invade the South?
25 June 1950
What did US President Harry Truman do when North Korea invaded the South?
He saw these events as Soviet expansionism which had to be contained. The US took the crisis to the UN Security Council for assistance. As the USSR was boycotting the council over Chinese membership of the UN, meaning they could not exercise their veto, Truman was able to secure a UN resolution backing a military response to the invasion in the North in the absence of USSR.
What is communism?
A political system where the state owns all property and controls all production.
What is capitalism?
An economic system based on the right of individuals to own property and control the means of production. There is a profit motive in capitalism
What is the UN?
The international organisation created after WW2 to resolve disputes, between nations, preserve international peace, promote the welfare of all peoples around the globe.
Explain the UN security council
It contains 5 permanent members (USA, UK, Russia, China and France), each with the right of veto, and 10 other elected representatives. It is responsible for international peace and security.
Why did NZ decide to fight in Korea when Prime Minister Holland had grave doubts about the ability of the UN to resolve international disputes?
As Britain had decided to support the US, NZ immediately agreed to the resolution. Another factor behind this decision was the ANZUS treaty commitment.
Who were the Kayforce?
NZ troops who were sent to Korea , there were 3700 troops in total of which 37 were killed.
How did the Korean war impact NZ?
Our ties with the US were strengthened while at the same time NZ enjoyed significant economic benefits from the war- wool was in strong demand for American uniforms. When it was over US began to invest in our economy especially forestry.
What was the Red Scare?
The belief in America and her Western allies that the USSR was fuelling revolution to overthrow capitalism and democracy.
When was the Korean war
1950 to 1953
When was the Vietnam war?
1955 to 1972
Define Nationalist
A person who believes passionately in the interests of their nation.
Which Vietnamese leader defeated the French?
Ho Chi Minh, a Vietnamese Nationalist leader
Where was Vietnam split into two?
on the 17th parallel
Who ruled North and South Vietnam?
North - communist under Ho Chi Minh
South - supported by America under the leadership of Ngo Dinh Diem.
