Nya egna

Question 1

Draw and describe the structure in masonry

Answer 1

Bed joints - Horizontal layer between the masonry units, crucial for load distribution. “bed=säng=liggandes”
Head joints - Vertical layer between the masonry units, filled with mortar. Important for maintaining stability under lateral forces. “head = huvud=ståendes”
Mortar joints - Spaces filled with mortar between masonry units, both horizontal and vertical

Question 2

Formula: fk = fv0k + 0.40 x sd.
Why should it not exceed 0.065 x fb, where fb is the compressive strength of the units?
Why do we add 0.40 x sd

Answer 2

Svar:
1) This limitation is necessary to ensure that the shear strength of the masonry does not exceed a safe level relative to its compressive strength, contributing to the overall stability and durability of the masonry.

2) Multiplying by 0.40 x sd (vertical stress)​ accounts for the additional shear strength provided by the vertical load through increased frictional resistance. The coefficient 0.40 is empirically derived to reflect typical masonry behavior.

Question 3

Draw the max/min arch

Question 4

What is the Mery Method

Answer 4

The foundation of the Mery method is that the maximum compressive strength of masonry depends on the weakest link in the construction. The Méry method is to calculate one of the possible thrust lines for checking the stability of arcs or vaults.

Question 5

Explains why shear walls must be sufficiently compressed to achieve good seismic resistance in a masonry building.

Answer 5

Shear walls that are sufficiently compressed improves the walls’ lateral load resistance, stiffness, strength, ductility.

Question 6

Command to apply forces on UDEC

Answer 6

Block apply force-y -2000 range pos-x x1 x2 pos-y y1 y2

Question 7

Command to delete extra parts

Answer 7

block delete range (x1,y1) (x2,y2)

Question 8

Command fix base

Answer 8

Block fix range (x1,y1) (x2,y2)

Question 9

What’s lateral and flexural deformation

Answer 9

Lateral deformation - horizontal deformation
Flexural deformation - bending

Question 10

Describe rigid floors and diaphragm floor

Answer 10

• A rigid floor refers to a structural floor system that has high stiffness and resists deformation under lateral loads, such as those caused by wind or seismic forces.
• A diaphragm floor refers to a horizontal structural element that serves as a lateral load-resisting system by transferring lateral forces to the building’s vertical elements.

Stela golv motstår deformation internt och ger direkt motstånd mot böjning och tvingning, medan diafragmavåningar främst fungerar som horisontella plattor som överför laterala krafter till byggnadens vertikala element.