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nutrition exam 2 > Nutrtion 2 > Flashcards

Nutrtion 2 Flashcards

0
Q

What does active transport of calcium use?

A

Calbindin 9k

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1
Q

Calcium absorbed by?

A

Active transport and passive diffusion

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2
Q

Fxns of calcium

A

Bone mineralization and cell signailing

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3
Q

Best source of calcium?

A

Dairy

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4
Q

Hypo calcemia causes?

A

tetany and osteoprosis

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5
Q

Hypercalcemia symptoms?

A

fatigue, hallucination and constipation

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6
Q

Causes of hypercalcemia?

A

Hyperthyroidism and increased calcium intake

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7
Q

Fxn of phosphorus

A

enzyme regulation (covalent modification)
phospholipid
ATP and cAMP

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8
Q

Best sources of phosphorus

A

Animal products

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9
Q

Hypophosphetemia causes?

A

Arrythmias

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10
Q

Hyperphosphetemia is connected to?

A

Hypo calcemia

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11
Q

Magnesium sources

A

Plants

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12
Q

fxns of magnsium

A

cofactor, muscle relaxer and PTH secretion

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13
Q

Hypermagnesmia causes

A

slurred speach and migraines

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14
Q

Hypomagnesmia causes?

A

Muscle weakness

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15
Q

Best source of sodium?

A

Salt NACL

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16
Q

Sodium fxn?

A

Fluid balance and nerve transmission

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17
Q

Hyponatremia?

A

Difficiency of sodium that causes muscle cramps

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18
Q

Hypernatremia is?

A

Excess sodium. Causes hypertension

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19
Q

Potassium fxns

A

Fluid balance and nerve transmission

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20
Q

What three minerals fxn in fluid balance and nerve transmission?

A

Na,K,Cl

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21
Q

Source of chloride?

A

salt NaCl

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22
Q

Hyperkalemia

A

too much K, causes arrythmias

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23
Q

Hypokalemia

A

not enough K, causes arrythmias

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24
Q

best sources of K

A

banana, canteloupe, sweet potatoes

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25
Q

Major mineral intake?

A

greater than 100mg/d

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26
Q

Chloride fxns

A

HCl, fluid balance and nerve transmission

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27
Q

mineral absorption inhibited by?

A

Phytate, oxalate, tannins

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28
Q

Iron tansported out of enterocyte by_______ and uses ____ to accomplish this.

A

Ferroportin, uses copper

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29
Q

Non heme iron sources?

A

plants and supplements

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30
Q

Non heme iron digested by_____ and requires_____to do this?

A

Ferrireductase and it requires vit C

31
Q

Nonheme iron absorbed by?

A

facilitated diffusion, DMT

32
Q

Iron toxicity causes?

A

hemochromatosis and organ damage

33
Q

iron fxns

A

cytochromes and oxygen transport

34
Q

Storage protein of iron?

35
Q

ferritin found in?

A

liver, spleen, bone marrow, and enterocyte

36
Q

Iron deficiency symptoms?

A

Pallor, fatigue and decreased immune system.

37
Q

Iron deficiency causes?

A

Microcytic anemia

38
Q

People most at risk fro iron dificiency?

A

6mo-2yr, boys 10-19, male runners, women 10-44, all female athletes.

39
Q

Iron dificiency correlates with what other mineral?

40
Q

what transports in blood?

A

transferrin

41
Q

What is more absorbed heme or non heme?

42
Q

Heme absorbed by?

A

facilitated diffusion, Hcp1

43
Q

heme sources?

A

fish and beef

44
Q

A difficiency of what 3 minerals causees decreased immune system?

A

Copper iron and zinc

45
Q

Best source of zinc?

46
Q

zinc fxns

A

folate digestion and heme

47
Q

zinc deficiency

A

decreased taste, dermititis and decreaed immune system.

48
Q

Zn toxicity cause?

A

metallic taste

49
Q

zinc supplements

A

decreased absorption, folic acid.

50
Q

copper toxicity

A

Wilson’s disease

51
Q

Wilson’s disease causes?

A

keyser fleisher rings

52
Q

copper fxns

A

atp, collagen crosslinking, ferroportin.

53
Q

Copper deficiency

A

Skin and hair depigmentattion, decreased immune system.

Genetic copper def is menkes syndrome

54
Q

best source of selenium

A

brazial nuts

55
Q

Selenosis causes?

A

Too much selenium and causes brittle nails

56
Q

selenium fxn

A

cofactor for glutathione peroxidase and t4-t3

57
Q

iodide toxicity

A

burning mouth and throat, hypothyroidism

58
Q

iodide def

59
Q

Selenium def?

A 
Keshans disease (heart disease in kids), Kashin becks disease (osteoarthrits), insulin resistance (prevalent in china and mongolia).
Selenium deficiency depends on soil content.
60
Q

Crommium fxns

A

insulin secretion

61
Q

crommium def causes?

A

insulin resistance, prevalent in mongolia and china

62
Q

iodide fxns

A

part of t3 and t4

63
Q

manganese fxn

64
Q

molybdenum fxn

A

cofactor in s metabolism and uric acid syntheisis

65
Q

best source of molybdenum

66
Q

Molybdenum toxicity causes?

67
Q

flouride toxicity

A

mottling of teeth and pitting of bones

68
Q

fxn of flouride

A

bone mineralization

69
Q

sources of flouride

A

flouridated water and toothpaste

70
Q

flouride def causes

A

cavities and osteoprosis

71
Q

what enhances mineral absorbtion

A

acidic environment

72
Q

trace mineral amount

A

less than 100 mg/d

73
Q

What minerals aid in bone mineralization?

A

folate, calcium, phosphorus, sodium

74
Q

What is linked to hypocalcemia

A

hyperphosphetemia, hypernatremia, hypomagnesmia

nutrition exam 2 (1 decks)

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