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C787 > Nutritional Science WGU > Flashcards

Nutritional Science WGU Flashcards

1
Q

What policy changes were made to recommendations to prevent chronic diet related diseases?

A

RDAs were expanded into several DRI Categories

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2
Q

RDA

A

Recommended Daily Allowances- a healthy diet has nutrients nearing this amount

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3
Q

DRI

A

Dietary Reference Intakes

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4
Q

Serving Size

A

Always found on a nutrition label

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5
Q

AMDR (macronutrients

A

Carbs, fats, proteins, minerals, vitamins, and H2O. Acceptable Macronutrient Daily Range

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6
Q

Carbohydrates

A

45-65% of daily calories

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7
Q

Protein

A

10-35% of daily calories

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8
Q

Fat

A

20-35% of daily calories

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9
Q

Tolerable Upper Intake Level

A

highest level of daily consumption that data shows cause no harm, ensures people don’t take too much

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10
Q

How is the estimated average requirement used (EAR)?

A

Guides recommendations and menu planning for communities

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11
Q

How much of the “My Plate” is fruits and Vegetables?

A

1/2 the plate

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12
Q

What is the biggest nutritional benefit of fruits and veg?

A

Decreased risk of cancer

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13
Q

What vitamin can not be found in fruits and veg?

A

B12

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14
Q

How many servings of fruits and veg should you eat a day?

A

9

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15
Q

True/false does skim milk have the same amount of Ca and Protein as full fat?

A

TRUE

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16
Q

DRI for whole grains

A

1/2 of all grain consumed should be whole grains

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17
Q

DRI for trans fat and sugar?

A

none

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18
Q

DRI for protein?

A

60gm/day (0.8gm/kg)

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19
Q

Which carbohydrate causes you to get hungry faster?

A

High glycemic index carbohydrates

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20
Q

Foods that are high in iron?

A

Dark leafy vegetables, legumes, red meat, and nutes

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21
Q

Healthy LDL level

A

<120

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22
Q

Limit cholesterol to

A

<30

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23
Q

Saturated fat

A

<7% of total daily calories

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24
Q

Na level to decrease heart disease?

A

<1600mg/day

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25
Q

What type of fiber reduces the risk of heart disease?

A

insoluble fiber

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26
Q

Obese BMI

A

> 30

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27
Q

Overweight BMI

A

> 25

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28
Q

Morbid Obese BMI

A

> 40

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29
Q

BMI formula

A

Weight in lbs/(heigh (in)^2…all x703

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30
Q

Underweight BMI

A

<20

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31
Q

Osteoporosis

A

weak bones, low BMI

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32
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

Ligament strain, high BMI

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33
Q

What is the genetic influence of body weight?

A

Parent predict children raised or not

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34
Q

How much weight loss helps cardiovascular health?

A

> 10%

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35
Q

How much water helps with weight loss

A

48oz

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36
Q

Physical activity

A

30min/day

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37
Q

What is a legal supplement body builders take to increase muscle mass and nitrogen retention

A

Protein powder

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38
Q

Which statement is an appropriate nutritional recommendation when planning a balanced meal?

A

Spices or herbs are added to season food without adding salt.

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39
Q

Which recommendation is appropriate for a nurse to suggest to a client who wants to start cooking healthy on a budget?

A

Buy nonperishable food in bulk.

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40
Q

Which Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) value provides information to assist in developing recommendations for populations?

A

Estimated average requirement (EAR)

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41
Q

Which statement is appropriate about daily reference intakes (DRIs) for infants?

A

The recommended dietary allowance for protein has not been established for infants younger than 7 months.

42
Q

When discussing a diet for weight loss, a patient asks if a snack with 240 calories, 120 calories from fat, is appropriate.

A

This snack would be considered too high in fat.

43
Q

Based on a 2000-calorie diet, what is the recommended percent daily value for calcium for a healthy adolescent girl?

A

130% of daily value

44
Q

A nurse is designing a diet to meet the nutritional needs of a client with a BMI of 31 kg/m2, a history of hypertension, and a low albumin level.

A

Increasing the intake of protein-rich foods, Outlining the components of a weight loss diet plan, Incorporating the components of the DASH diet

45
Q

Which menu items are appropriate for a patient with early chronic kidney disease?

A

Oatmeal, whole grain toast, blueberries, and coffee

46
Q

Which food is appropriate for a patient on a low-sodium diet?

A

Hard-boiled egg

47
Q

When assessing a 36-year-old dancer the nurse notes a body mass index of 16 kg/m2. For which three conditions are the patient at increased risk

A

Infertility, Osteoporosis, Premature death

48
Q

The occupational health nurse is starting a weight management program for employees. Several employees have stated goals for the class. Which employee goal is appropriate and realistic

A

I want to increase my energy level so I can have fun with my kids

49
Q

Which two patients have effectively reduced their risk of complications associated with overweight or obesity after implementing a diet and exercise program?

A

A patient with initial weight: 180 pounds (81 kg); weight lost: 18 pounds (8.1 kg), A patient with initial weight: 439 pounds (199 kg); weight lost: 50 pounds (22 kg)

50
Q

A nurse is evaluating a 12-year-old patient who has a body mass index (BMI) of 32 kg/m2and his family. Which two parental statements indicate a behavior linked to childhood obesity

A

“We give our child a cookie during stressful situations.”“Our child is expected to study, limiting time for exercise.”

51
Q

A middle school nurse is developing a program to help students control or prevent obesity. Which two approaches will promote long-term student success?

A

Encourage students to critique media messages about food. Avoid using food as a reward for students’ accomplishments

52
Q

A nurse is teaching a group of patients about methods to modify eating habits to promote weight management Which two patient statements indicate successful learning?

A

“When I want food, I ask myself, ‘Am I hungry?’”. “I have five small meals to sustain my energy level.”

53
Q

What is the smallest percentage of weight loss that has consistently shown to improve health and prevent weight-related health problems?

A

10%

54
Q

Which fat should be avoided in a plan for healthy eating?

A

Trans fats

55
Q

What isnota risk of malnutrition in adolescents?

A

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

56
Q

A nurse evaluates a patient’s understanding about lifestyle modifications to control hypertension. Which statement made by the patient would indicate the need for further instruction?

A

“I will keep fat intake below 40%.”

57
Q

A nurse evaluates a patient’s understanding about lifestyle modifications to control hypertension. Which two statements from the patient would indicate the education was effective?

A

“I will walk briskly for 30 minutes most days. “I will decrease my daily sodium to 1,600 mg.”

58
Q

Why should physical activity be increased slowly for a sedentary patient

A

To decrease the stress on the patient’s heart and to help prevent failure with the activity

59
Q

Which information should a nurse analyze to calculate a patient’s physical activity level (PAL) to help with weight management

A

Basal energy expenditure; total energy expenditure

60
Q

How does fiber help protect against type 2 diabetes?

A

By delaying the absorption of glucose by the body

61
Q

A nurse assesses a patient with prediabetes and finds that the patient has an elevated fasting blood glucose level. The nurse suggests that the patient begin a moderate exercise program. How will an exercise program affect the patient’s health?

A

It will decrease the risk of hyperglycemia.

62
Q

A patient who is obese and newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is worried about the complications of diabetes. The nurse wants to suggest a long-term goal to help the patient minimize complications. Which long-term goal is an appropriate suggestion?

A

Reducing and maintaining body weight by at least 10%

63
Q

A school nurse evaluates the understanding of a high school health class about exercise recommendations for a healthy lifestyle. Which student statement indicates a need for further instruction?

A

“My lifeguard job at the pool provides the activity that I need.”

64
Q

The parents of an overweight child ask the nurse for recommendations to help the child develop healthier eating habits. Which three dietary recommendations should the nurse make for this child?

A

Avoid watching tv while eating, reduce restaurant meals, and eat whole food snacks like fresh fruits.

65
Q

An occupational health nurse tours a business after implementing a program to promote employee health. Which three positive outcomes demonstrate program success?

A

A desk worker uses a standing workstation, The vending machine contains nutritious snack options, bicycles in the rack in front of the building

66
Q

What instruction should a nurse provide a mother asking to decrease the risk of dental cavities in a teething infant

A

Avoid sharing utensils with the infant

67
Q

Which nutrient needs to be supplied in a bioavailable form for an individual on a vegetarian diet

A

Calcium

68
Q

Which three strategies are appropriate for teaching an 18-year-old patient about nutrition

A

Present current recommendations and their rationales, Gear the nutritional counseling toward specific goals, Teach about making wise decisions when eating away from home.

69
Q

What weight loss advice should a nurse give to a 12-year-old child who is overweight

A

Weight loss should be addressed by reducing calories and increasing exercise

70
Q

Which statement is accurate about weight gain in a teenager?

A

Fast food intake among adolescents is one factor that causes poor nutrition and weight gain

71
Q

Which three food choices would represent healthy snacking habits for an overweight teenager?

A

cheese cubes, unbuttered popcorn, carrot sticks-dip

72
Q

A nurse is counseling a woman who is considering pregnancy. The patient asks about alcohol use during pregnancy. Which statement by the nurse about alcohol use is accurate

A

“Infants exposed to alcohol in utero may become cognitively impaired.

73
Q

Which factors increase the risk of a woman delivering a preterm infant?

A

A body mass index of 30–35, dx w/ gestational diabetes, and tobacco use

74
Q

What information should a nurse provide to a pregnant woman regarding nutritional needs during pregnancy

A

There is an increased need for protein.

75
Q

The dietician is planning menus for older adult patients in a nursing home. What pattern of eating can be expected of this age group

A

Older adults tend to consume less fluid

76
Q

Which two high fiber foods should a nurse suggest to an older adult patient?

A

Fresh fruit and oatmeal

77
Q

According to the United States Households by Food Security Status, part of the population was classified as having reduced quality, variety, or desirability of diet. Which food security status category does this classification fall under

A

Low food security

78
Q

What does the Food Security Survey Module measure

A

Sufficiency of food

79
Q

A nurse educator is lecturing first-semester students on hunger. Which statement from a student indicates that teaching was effective

A

Hunger is the uneasy or painful sensation caused by a lack of food

80
Q

Which outcome measure is used to provide insight into the public’s ability to secure adequate food?

A

Household food security status

81
Q

Which nutritional deficiency causes brain damage and intellectual impairment on a global scale

A

Iodine deficiency

82
Q

Which is a contributing factor to global hunger?

A

Food waste

83
Q

Which two federally funded entitlement programs are available in every U.S. community for those who meet income eligibility criteria?

A

Child Nutrition Programs, SNAP

84
Q

What is a goal of providing meals in group settings to older adults?

A

To provide socialization opportunities

85
Q

Which type of food, if consumed, can result in the transmission of campylobacter?

A

Undercooked poultry

86
Q

A community news report indicates that undercooked ground beef contaminated withEscherichia coli (E. coli)was served to a large group of people at a local restaurant Which condition should the community health facilities prepare to treat?

A

Enteritis

87
Q

Which action will decrease the risk of a foodborne illness from poultry

A

Cooking or freezing fresh poultry within 2 days of purchase

88
Q

Which milk processing technique will allow milk to be stored at room temperature?

A

Ultrapasteurization

89
Q

Which action should be taken to avoid a foodborne illness caused by chemical mycotoxins?

A

Discarding foods that have developed mold

90
Q

A patient presents to the emergency room with symptoms progressing from nausea to oral paresthesia to respiratory distress. The nurse learns that the patient ate grouper fish four hours earlier. Which chemical toxin should be suspected as causing these symptoms

A

Ciguatoxin

91
Q

Which information on a food label indicates that a food is 100% organic

A

“USDA organic seal”

92
Q

A nurse reads a food label that indicates “made with organic wheat flour and sugar.

A

The food contains at least 70% certified organic content

93
Q

Which dietary supplement is involved in coagulation and should be avoided while taking warfarin (Coumadin)

A

Vitamin K

94
Q

Which two vitamins cannot be cleared by the body in high doses?

A

A & D

95
Q

What is the first resource to consult when looking for sound information about dietary supplements

A

Your healthcare provider

96
Q

What are the functions of protein as an ergogenic aid?

A

To enhance muscle mass and increase nitrogen retention

97
Q

Which foods create a nutrient-dense breakfast

A

Oatmeal and blueberries

98
Q

Which activity is appropriate for kindergarten students, aged 5 and 6, to develop healthy eating habits

A

Teach the students a song about the five food groups

99
Q

A school nurse selects an activity to reinforce nutrition education given to fourth-grade students, aged 9 and 10. Which activity is appropriate for this age group

A

Have the students identify the food groups in a particular meal.

100
Q

Which problem associated with food insecurity should a nurse monitor when evaluating the health status of a low-income family

A

Obesity in family members

101
Q

Which two instructional methods are effective for creating a nutritional teaching plan for a group of recent immigrants who have limited English proficiency (LEP)?

A

Include familiar dietary habits & show pictures of food

102
Q

A nurse notes that an older adult patient who has a limited income and who lives alone has a body mass index of 17 kg/m2. The patient states it is difficult to get to the store to buy groceries. Which nursing action would help improve the patient’s nutrition?

A

Arrange home meal deliveries by Meals on Wheels.

C787 (2 decks)

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