Nutritional Needs Of Groups

Question 1

What is a food allergy

Answer 1

The body having an allergic reaction to an allergen in a food

Question 2

Most common allergens

Answer 2

Peanuts, eggs, milk, nuts, strawberry, kiwi and seafood

Question 3

How to identify a food intolerance

Answer 3

To stop eating a certain food which seems to be a problem

Question 4

Symptoms of a food intolerance

Answer 4

Abdominal pain, aches and pains, bloating and fatigue

Question 5

How to live with an intolerance

Answer 5

Read labels, always ask when eating out

Question 6

What is a lactose intolerance

Answer 6

The inability to digest sugar in milk due to a shortage of LACTOSE

Question 7

Symptoms of a lactose intolerance

Answer 7

Flatulence, cramps, diarrhoea, bloating, vomiting

Question 8

Food that contain dairy

Answer 8

Dairy products, chocolate, ice cream

Question 9

Health implications of a lactose intolerance

Answer 9

Alternative sources must be fortified with calcium, vitamin B2, B12 and D, phosphorus and magnesium

Question 10

Alternatives to cows milk

Answer 10

Goat, sheep, buffalo milk, soya milk, coconut milk, almond milk

Question 11

What is coeliac disease

Answer 11

An autoimmune response to gluten which is found in wheat, barley and rye

Question 12

What happens in the small intestine if you have coeliac disease

Answer 12

The villi are damaged reducing nutrient absorption

Question 13

Symptoms of coeliac disease

Answer 13

Diarrhoea, stomach pain, skin rash, malnutrition, tiredness, weight loss

Question 14

What is Gluten found in

Answer 14

Pasta, biscuits, cereal, bread. Less obvious sources soup, white sauce, stock cubes

Question 15

What can be eaten with coeliac disease

Answer 15

Naturally gluten free foods; meat, fish, fruit, veg. Gluten free alternatives ( bread, pasta )

Question 16

What is wrong with the uk diet

Answer 16

Bad eating habits(processed foods, high fat, sugar and salt)
Lots of snacking(crisps, sweets all high in sugar and salt)
Increased processed foods(high in fat, sugar, salt)
Increased food choice(eating more than your body needs)

Question 17

What is the uk diet too high in and low in

Answer 17

Too high in: fat, sugar, salt
Too low in: fruit, veg, fibre, fish

Question 18

Tips for a balanced healthy diet

Answer 18

Base meals on starchy foods
Eat lots of fruit and veg
Eat more fish
Eat less saturated fats and sugar and salt
Be active
Drink water
Don’t skip breakfast

Question 19

What are some healthy cooking methods

Answer 19

Dry fry, grill, bake as they don’t use extra fat such as oil

Question 20

What should baby’s drink

Answer 20

Breast milk for 6 months
Formula milk which mimics breast milk
Water is the best alternative to milk

Question 21

What foods should babies eat

Answer 21

Breast milk
Porridge
Puréed veg, fruit and meat as easy for them to eat

Question 22

What should babies not eat

Answer 22

Shellfish and seafood
Honey
Foods high in salt
Some cheeses (Brie)

Question 23

What are some key nutrients for babies

Answer 23

Calcium, iron, vitamin A,C,D,B12

Question 24

Key nutrients for toddlers

Answer 24

Vitamin A,C, calcium, sodium, phosphorus

Question 25

What Foods should children aged 4-6 have

Answer 25

Chopped fruit and veg Bread Natural yoghurt Low fat spreads

Question 26

What foods should children aged 4-6 avoid

Answer 26

Chocolate Pancakes Sweets Processed meat

Question 27

What are some vital nutrients for children aged 4-6

Answer 27

Vitamin A, Niacin(11mg a day), Calcium(450mg a day), Sodium(700mg a day)

Question 28

Why do children aged 7-10 need lots of energy

Answer 28

They are in a period of rapid growth so need lots of calories Boy aged 8 needs 1745kcal and a 8 girl needs 1625kcal

Question 29

What are the nutritional requirements of children aged 7-10

Answer 29

5 portions of fruit and veg Whole grains as high in fibre so lots of energy for growth Milk and protein essential for protein and calcium for healthy bones 2 portions of fish 1 being oily Reducing salty, fatty and sugary foods e.g. fruit for a snack not crisps

Question 30

What nutrients do adolescents (11-14)need

Answer 30

Boys require: energy dense foods Girls require: iron rich foods to replace that lost in menstruation Calcium for bone growth Vitamin A

Question 31

What is the average energy intake for adolescents(11-14)

Answer 31

Aged 11 boys = 2127kcal girls = 2032kcal Aged 14 boys = 2629kcal girls = 2342kcal

Question 32

What foods should adolescents(11-14)eat

Answer 32

Fruit and veg Potatoes, rice, pasta ( whole grain even better) Beans, pulses and other proteins

Question 33

What foods should adolescents(11-14)not eat

Answer 33

Stewed or jellied fruits Sugary cereals High sugar soda drinks Fried foods

Question 34

How does a child aged 15-18s calorie intake change

Answer 34

It increase to around 3200kcal for boys and 2450kcal for girls by the age of 18

Question 35

What keys nutrients are required for children aged 15-18

Answer 35

Iron for girls Calcium as your bones are growing and becoming denser Drink plenty of fluids Exercise

Question 36

What should adults follow for a healthy diet

Answer 36

They should follow the eat healthy guide as it shows that correct proportion of each food type an adult should eat

Question 37

How does calorie intake change in adults

Answer 37

There calorie intake slowly decrease as they aren’t growing and so don’t require as much energy as children

Question 38

What nutrients do pregnant women require

Answer 38

Calcium and vitamin D for bone growth, Folic acid, iron for the babies blood, fruit and veg and dietary fibre

Question 39

Foods pregnant women should avoid

Answer 39

Alcohol, soft cheeses, caffeine, some fish as they contain mercury, unpasteurised milk and cream as contains harmful bacteria

Question 40

Do pregnant women need to eat more calories

Answer 40

Yes they should eat around 300kcal more than a normal women

Question 41

Nutrients required during lactation

Answer 41

Similar to a pregnant women’s requirement; a healthy diverse diet low in fat, sugar and salt and high in fruit and veg

Question 42

How does an elderly persons diet change

Answer 42

They require less calories as they are less active/mobile

Question 43

What are some Key nutrients for elderly people

Answer 43

Vitamin C and zinc: helps maintain Immune system Calcium: maintain bone strength Vitamin D: maintains bone strength and muscle strength (oily fish, calcium) Iron: essential for haemoglobin as it forms the proteins in them

Question 44

What is type 1 diabetes

Answer 44

When the insulin produced doesn’t work so you have a high blood glucose level

Question 45

What is type 2 diabetes

Answer 45

When there is a lack of insulin being produced causing a high blood glucose level

Question 46

Advice for someone living with type 2 diabetes

Answer 46

Follow the eat-well guide Reduce sugar, salt and fat intake, read food labels Whole grains