Nutritional Analysis and weight mgt

Question 1

Visceral Fat

Answer 1

Surrounds abdomen

highly metabolic but also promotes inflammation (can lead to disease)

Question 2

Subcutaneous fat

Answer 2

Directly below skin

largest depot (50 - 70%) of stores

Question 3

Intramuscular fat

Answer 3

within muscle tissue and can be used as energy source to fuel prolonged exercise

Question 4

roles of fat

Answer 4

-transports store of vitamins/lipids
-forms cell membranes
-insulation/protection
-aid functions of the nervous system
-assist formation of hormones

Question 5

distribution influenced by

Answer 5

-genetics, age, sex
-physical activity
-stress hormones
-total fat

Question 6

Android fat storage

Answer 6

associated with centralized belly fat storage (apple)

greater risk of cardiometabolic disease but easier to use

men

Question 7

Gynoid storage

Answer 7

lower body fat (hips, glutes, thighs); pear

harder to lose but not the same risk of disease as android

women

Question 8

BMI:

Answer 8

weight to height ratio for relative health, related disease

potential indicator of obesity but does not directly measure body comp

metric: = weight in kg / height in meters^2

imperial = pounds / height in in^6 x 703

increased disease: less than 18.5 or greater than 25

Question 9

Circumference measurements

Answer 9

waist can be most useful for estimating health risk
bad - men greater than 40, women greater than 35

waist to hip: better than BMI but not as good as just waist - take waist lowest / hip greatest (closer to 1 is bad for central adiposity/disease)

Question 10

minimum fat

Answer 10

2-5% men
11-14% women

Question 11

body composition

Answer 11

ratio of fat mass to fat-free mass (% of bodyweight that is fat)

Question 12

anthropometrics

Answer 12

measurement of body dimensions (height, weight, body segment sizes)