Nutrition- Shannon Hughes Flashcards
Vitamin K plays a role in _______ ________
clotting factors
Vitamin K plays a role in which factors in the coagulation pathway?
2, 7, 9, 10
Babies should get an injection of _________ ___ as a newborn
Vitamin K
If babies don’t get an injection of vitamin K as a newborn, what can happen?
They can get hemorrhagic disease of the newborn without a vitamin K injection
growth _____ overtime is what matters most on a growth chart
trend
Weight is a marker of ______ nutrition and length is a marker of _______ nutrition
acute, longterm
At what age can you start measuring BMI?
Age 2
What is a Z-score?
A number of SDs from the mean height and weight values for age (can be used to see if a child is very tall, stunted and can make dx of malnutrition)
Do we measure a child’s height that is less than 2 years old?
No, we measure occipital frontal circumference
T/F: most babies lose about 10% of their weight and regain by week 2-3 of age?
True (have fluid from birth and then lose it)= normal… if they don’t regain, this is a red flag
Most healthy infants ______ birth weight by 6 months of age and ______ by 12 years of age
double, triple
Lack of iron in a developing baby can cause what?
Development delays in toddlers and in maternal can cause low birth weight in babies and preterm infant
Many breastfed babies do not get enough vitamin ___
vitamin D
They need vitamin D supplementation
Rickets is caused by lack of vitamin ___ leading to really soft bones and decreased mineralization at the epiphysis
vitamin D
vitamin ____ deficiency can cause craniotabes (soft skull)
vitamin D
_____ is really important for vitamin D absorption and can help with bone mineralization, muscle contraction, neurotransmitter release and electrical conduction of the heart
Calcium
Is enteral or parental better and what is the difference?
Enteral (tube feeding), parentral (IV)
Enteral is waaaayyyy better because we use the gut and keep its integrity
When do we use enteral feeding and what is the time frame?
We use it when unable to meet nutritional requirements by mouth
Adults within 5-7 days or
kids, malnourished or critically ill, within 1-3 days
When is parentral nutrition indicated?
When a patient is unable to receive or tolerate adequate EN
Timeframe: 5-7 days OR 3-4 days for malnourished patients or when EN is contraindicated
Central like required with duration >5 days
Infants are breasfed exclusively for ____ months and up until ___ years of age with complementary foods
6 months and up until 2 years of age
What are absolute contraindications to breastfeeding?
- Mother with active TB
- Galactosemia in infant
Cow’s milk should not be given until an infant is ___ years old
1 year old
When can infants start eating pureed food?
4-6 months
When can infants start eating finger foods?
8-10 months
