Nutrition (Pharmacology) Flashcards
The nurse is providing education regarding lifestyle changes to a client diagnosed with hypertension. When providing dietary instruction on a low-sodium diet, which dietary choice would the nurse identify as most appropriate?
A - Ham sandwich, potato chips, and cookie
B - Grilled hamburger, French fries, and cola drink
C - Grilled chicken, green salad, and apple
D - Hot dog, baked beans, and coleslaw
C - Grilled chicken, green salad, and apple
A 22-year-old female client is seen in the primary care provider’s office for follow-up. The client was diagnosed six weeks ago with iron deficiency anemia and has been taking the prescribed iron supplement when she notices that her stool has turned black. She tells the nurse that she fears that she is bleeding to death inside her belly. The nurse teaches the client about which expected outcome?
A - “Don’t worry, iron supplements can cause black or dark stools because of the iron composition.”
B - “Don’t worry, black stool is not a sign of internal bleeding.”
C - “Don’t worry, iron supplements cannot cause bleeding.”
D - “Iron supplements may cause bleeding but this is nothing to worry about.”
A - “Don’t worry, iron supplements can cause black or dark stools because of the iron composition.”
The nurse is teaching a client about iron deficiency anemia. The nurse would include in the teaching plan that iron deficiency anemia results from:
A - a lack of white cells in the body.
B - a lack of platelets in the body.
C - too much iron in the body.
D - a lack of iron in the body.
D - a lack of iron in the body.
The clinic nurse has been assigned to a 43-year-old client who is obese and loves to eat. The client has been diagnosed with hyperlipidemia and has been prescribed lovastatin. Which dietary instruction would be a priority for the nurse to discuss with the client?
A - Increase intake of fatty acids
B - Decrease intake of plant stanols
C - Avoid drinking grapefruit juice
D - Increase intake of milk and other dairy products
C - Avoid drinking grapefruit juice
Older adults who are unable or unwilling to eat an adequate diet or who are debilitated may benefit from using bulk-forming laxatives. What is an important teaching regarding intake for anyone using bulk-forming laxatives?
A - Ensure adequate roughage intake
B - Ensure adequate fluid intake
C - Ensure adequate fat intake
D - Ensure adequate protein intake
B - Ensure adequate fluid intake
Which process breaks up food into absorbable nutrients?
A - Motility
B - Digestion
C - Absorption
D - Secretion
B - Digestion
A female client comes to the clinic for an examination after being on benzphetamine for 6 weeks with a weight loss of 30 pounds. The priority nursing diagnosis for this client would be which?
A - Risk for ineffective coping
B - Disturbed sleep pattern
C - Ineffective breathing pattern
D - Imbalanced nutrition
D - Imbalanced nutrition
A client who was diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia is worried because she does not know why she was prescribed iron supplements. The nurse teaches the client about which action of oral iron administration?
A - Iron supplements prevent bleeding to replenish hemoglobin cells faster to treat anemia.
B - Iron supplements prevent infection so hemoglobin cells grow back faster to treat anemia.
C - Iron acts by elevating the serum iron concentration to replenish hemoglobin to treat anemia.
D - Iron supplements prevent depletion of hemoglobin cells from anxiety to treat anemia.
C - Iron acts by elevating the serum iron concentration to replenish hemoglobin to treat anemia.
A patient comes to the clinic reporting fatigue and pica. Laboratory findings reveal a low serum iron level and a low ferritin level. Upon evaluation of this assessment and laboratory data, the nurse suspects that the patient will be diagnosed with:
A - hemolytic anemia.
B - iron deficiency anemia.
C - pernicious anemia.
D - sickle cell anemia.
B - iron deficiency anemia.
The student nurse is with a client who is listening to a dietitian emphasize the need for adequate nutrition. The dietitian is reviewing the functions of enzymes. Based on the information provided, what would be the best explanation by the dietitian to the client and student nurse about the functions of enzymes?
A - speeding up chemical reactions
B - producing ribosomes
C - synthesizing protein
D - bringing about cell division
A - speeding up chemical reactions
The nurse is leading an educational discussion on childhood hypertension at a local school board meeting. A particular focus of the discussion is the promotion of nonpharmacologic treatment measures. Which of the following is appropriate for managing hypertension in children? Select all that apply.
A - Reducing dietary sodium
B - Taking a daily multivitamin
C - Promoting exercise
D - Preventing obesity
A - Reducing dietary sodium
C - Promoting exercise
D - Preventing obesity
