Nutrition overview

Question 1

What are the three main macronutrients?

Answer 1

Fats, carbohydrates and protein

Question 2

What are the two main micronutrients?

Answer 2

Vitamins and minerals

Question 3

What has been the trend in change of cause of non communicable diseases related to diet over the past years?

Answer 3

• used to be caused by malnutrition (easily fixed with supplements implemented by governments)
• now caused by over consumption (harder to change due to peoples reluctance/actually have to change people attitudes/lifestyles)

Question 4

What are the NZ eating and activity guideline statements?

Answer 4

Eating:
1. Enjoy a range of nutritious food every day including:
2 fruits, 3 veges, 6 grains, 2 dairy (mostly low or reduced fat), 2 legumes/poultry/nuts/eggs or 1 red meat with fat removed.

2. Choose food that is unprocessed or choose to prepare food with little/no added sugar and choose unsaturated fats (eg olive oil) over saturated fats (eg butter).
3. Make plain water your first choice over others
4. If you drink alcohol keep your intake low
5. Buy/gather/cook/store food to ensure it is safe

Activity
1. Break up long periods of sitting with activity

2. aim for 2.5 hours moderate exercise and 1.5 hours vigorous per week mininum

Question 5

How do you calculate BMI?

Answer 5

weight (kg) divided by height squared (m)

Question 6

Why wholegrain rice for example over white rice?

Answer 6

Wholegrain rice contains the husk (the other layer of the rice) also known as the bran which is where all of the fibre, B vitmamins and minerals are found.

Question 7

Why milk? Why low fat?

Answer 7

Milk not only has calcium which is important for bone growth/nutrition but it also has vitamin A and other important nutrients.

You should have reduced fat milk because too much saturated fat is bad an increases risk of CVD.