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nutrition man Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

There are _ sites of digestion in man

A

Oral cavity
Stomach
small intestine

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2
Q

food is grinded by means of __ TEETH

A

molar

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3
Q

Saliva is secreted by _ pair of salivary glands

A

3

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4
Q

Glands of saliva

A

Sublingual gland
submaxillary gland
parotid gland

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5
Q

location of these glands?

A

sublingual - below tongue
submaxillary - behind jaw
parotid - front of ears

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6
Q

saliva has 3 imp ingredients called

A
  1. NaHCO3
  2. Water and mucus
  3. Carbohydrate digesting enzyme (amylase or ptyalin)
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7
Q

Fresh saliva has pH of

A

8

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8
Q

saliva has pH of __ after it’s stale

A

6

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9
Q

as a result of mastication food rolled up is called

A

bolus

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10
Q

the glottis is __ closed by action of __ muscle

A

partially
ring

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11
Q

Food is forced down the esophagus by

A

peristalsis

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12
Q

hunger contractions are _ contraction

A

peristaltic

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13
Q

hunger contraction are increased by __

A

low blood glucose lvl

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14
Q

hunger pangs begin __ hr after the last meal

A

12-24

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15
Q

the sphincter which is present at junction of stomach and esophagus is called

A

cardiac sphincter

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16
Q

heart burn is called

A

pyrosis

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17
Q

pyrosis is

A

back flush of stomach’s acidic chyme into esophagus

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18
Q

when cardiac sphincter __ stomach closes

A

contracts

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19
Q

stomach is located below __ on __ side of abdominal cavity

A

diaphragm
left

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20
Q

the stomach wall has __ layers

A

1 outer layer of connective tissue
2 middle layer of smooth muscle
3 inner layer of connective tissue + glands

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21
Q

inner layer of stomach is called

A

mucosa

22
Q

Gastric gland has _ kinds of cells

A

1 mucus cell
2 parietal oxyntic cell
3 zymogen cell

23
Q

Parietal and oxyntic cell secrets

A

HCl

23
Q

Gastric hormone is secreted when there’s presence of

A

protein

24
Q

Zymogen cells secrete

A

Pepsinogen

25
Q

pH of stomach HCl

A

2-3

26
Q

pepsin is secreted in it’s inactive form__

A

pepsinogem

27
Q

Pepsin acts on __ to yield

A

protein,
peptone or polypeptide

28
Q

pepsinogen is converted into pepsin in

A

acidic medium

29
Q

Sphincter which connects stomach with duodenum is

A

Pyloric sphincter

30
Q

The product of digestion in the stomach is called __

A

chyme

31
Q

Duodenum is about __
long,

A

20 25 cm

32
Q

When chyme passes from stomach
into duodenum, its acidity stimulates the
release of secretions from __ __ and __

A

Liver
Pancreas
Deuodenum

33
Q

Hepatic and Pancreatic secretions are also stimulated by a hormone
called __

A

secretin

34
Q

__ also inhibits gastric
secretion.

A

Secretin

35
Q

Carbohydrate- digesting pancreatic enzyme is

A

amylase

36
Q

fats digesting pancreatic enzyme is

A

lipase

37
Q

Trypsin is secreted in active form called

A

Trypsinogen

38
Q

trypsinogen is activated by action of

A

enterokinase

39
Q

Trypsin splits proteins into __

A

peptones and polypeptides

40
Q

trypsin functions in the__environment of the small intestine

A

alkaline

41
Q

bile may be temporarily stored in the __

A

gall bladder

42
Q

enzymes in bile

A

none

43
Q

Bile is green in colour due to the bile pigments, which are formed due to __

A

the breakdown of hemoglobin in
the liver

44
Q

If bile pigments are prevented from leaving digestive
tract, they may accumulate in blood, causing a
condition known as __

A

jaundice

45
Q

longest part of small intestine is

A

Ileum

46
Q

jejunum is __ in length comprising about __ of the small intestine.

A

2.4 meter in length
2/5th

47
Q

Amino peptidase converts polyppt to

A

dipeptide

48
Q

erypsin converts dipeptide into

A

amino acid

49
Q

Large intestine also harbors a large population of useful bacteria that synthesize some vitamins especially ___

A

vitamin K

50
Q

Anus is surrounded by _ sphincters

A

two

bio (23 decks)

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