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DPT Final > Nutrition for cardiopulmonary conditions > Flashcards

Nutrition for cardiopulmonary conditions Flashcards

1
Q

People with cystic fibrosis are always in a _______

A

Energy deficit

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2
Q

What is the protein requirement for individuals with respiratory failure?

A

1.5-2 g/kg/d

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3
Q

What percentage of kcals must come from fat for individuals with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome?

A

55%

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4
Q

What type of diet do those with Cystic Fibrosis need?

A

High calorie
High fat and protein

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5
Q

What micronutrient is essential to increase in those who smoke?

A

Vitamin C

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6
Q

Energy needs are based on ______ for those with COPD

A

WOB (work of breathing)

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7
Q

What do you want to avoid doing to those with COPD?

A

Overfeeding

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8
Q

What percentage of total intake must come from CHO and what percentage from FAT in those with COPD?

A

40-50% CHO
30-40% FAT

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9
Q

What should be restricted in those with edema?

A

Sodium and Fluid

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10
Q

What 2 diets are recommended for those with atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, and hypertension?

A

DASH diet
Mediterranean diet

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11
Q

What should fiber intake be for those with atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia and hypertension?

A

25-30+ g/day

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12
Q

What is the omeg-3 recommendation for those with dyslipidemia, hypertension and atherosclerosis?

A

3.7 g/d

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13
Q

Sodium intake should be what for those with hypertension, dyslipidemia or atherosclerosis?

A

<2,300 mg/d

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14
Q

How many servings of fruits and vegetables should be consumed in those with hypertension, dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis?

A

8-10 servings

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15
Q

What supplement should be used if someone is taking statins?

A

CoQ10

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16
Q

What does DHA/EPA help with?

A

Decreasing RBC stickiness
Vasodilation

17
Q

What is the premise of Mediterranean diet?

A

Minimally processed foods (more whole foods)
More fruits and vegetables
High in antioxidants and vitamins
Whole grains
Low fat foods
More restrictive protein options

18
Q

DASH diet is an approach to treat _______

A

Hypertension

19
Q

How does the DASH diet differ from the Mediterranean?

A

Allows more dairy and protein sources

20
Q

What is prescribed for TG elevation?

A

Fish oil and niacin

21
Q

<_____% or >____% IBW increases risk for infection, diabetes, morbidity and higher mortality

A

80, 140

22
Q

What should individuals restrict pre-heart transplant?

A

Alcohol, smoking, sodium

23
Q

What macronutrient is most important post-transplant? How much is needed?

A

Protein 1.3-2 g/kg/d

24
Q

What can be exacerbated by surgical stress and immunosuppressive drugs?

A

Hyperglycemia

25
Q

What should you monitor for abnormalities post-transplant?

A

Electrolytes

26
Q

What are the affects of steroids? And what can be used to slow the affects?

A

Osteoporosis and blood glucose dysregulation
Vitamin D supplements and weight bearing exercise

27
Q

What is important in preventing infection post-transplant?

A

Food safety (same as pregnant)

28
Q

What is the main concern with patients that have Pneumonia? What can be done to avoid?

A

Aspiration
dysphagia diet
proper positioning
STRAW

29
Q

What needs to be address nutritionally in those with asthma?

A

Dietary triggers (food allergies)

30
Q

Side effects of corticosteroids taken by those with asthma.

A

Weight gain, osteopenia, calcium loss, hyperglycemia

31
Q

Caffeine is considered a ________

A

Weak bronchodilator

32
Q

How do antioxidants help those with COPD?

A

Decreases inflammation

33
Q

_______________ can be used to increase appetite in those with CF

A

Appetite stimulants

34
Q

What does Thiamin do and what condtion is it recommended for?

A

Improves L ventricular systolic function
Heart Failure

35
Q

What should be avoided by those with heart failure?

A

Alcohol and tobacco

DPT Final (2 decks)

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