nutrition final Flashcards
common american trends
convenience foods-restaurants, fast food
simple sugars, saturated and trans fats, large portion sizes
salt
what are the responsibilities of the FDA USDA and FTC
FDA-the food supply remains safe nutritious and wholesome, labels maintain accuracy
USDA-farm and foreign agricultural services, food safety
FTC-advertising. pursues legal action against manufacteres who advertise false claims
why do we choose the food we do
culture, conveneince, availability, price
what are our sugar requirements?
less than 5% of calories per day
25 g, 6 tsp, 1 can of soda/day
how do the reference man and woman compare to eachother?
man-taller and heavier, skeleton weighs more, larger muscle mass, lower fat content
woman-shorter and lighter, skeleton weighs less, less muscles mass, higher fat content
what are healthy ranges of body fat for men and women?
women-18-25%
men-8-14%
what BMI numbers are classified as what?
Under-18.25. Normal 18.5-24.9. Over-25-29. Obese >30. Extreme obese 40
why is bmi commonly used
painless, easy, inexpensive
What is overweight?
overfat?
obese?
overweight-body weight that exceeds average
overfat-weight exceeds appropriate averaage predeterimined
obese-overweight with health factors
What influences body weight
genetics,physical actvity, diet,
what is leptin?
what is ghrelin?
leptin-depresses apetite-send wrong information
ghrelin-appetite stimulant-obesitiy
how does physical activity effect body fat percentage?
slows down age related weight increases, helps maintain rmr,
what percent of american are obese? healthy weight?
35.7%
34%
how can u unbalance the energy balance equatioin
caloric deficit and energy expenditure
how do genetics play a role in obesity
obesogenic environment creates a situation where obesity prone can gain weight
what is weight cycling?
repeating bouts of weightloss and gain usually in connection with diet fad
what is the set point theory
all people have a well regulated internal control that tightly maintains a preset level of body weight and fat
what is disordered eating?
frequent dieting,calorie counting, and or sporadic denial of food
3 clinical eating disorders
anorexia-small
bolemia-binge purge usually normal body weight
binge eating- above normal. eating allot
what is muscle dysmorphia?
when someone thinks they are small or fragile but they are muscluar, neer satisfied with their body
what is an exercise addict?
person who exervcises excessively, drops everything else to workout,self worth tied to amount of exercise,anxiety and resltessness only go away when exercise has happened.
how do eating disorders affect altheltic performance
eating disorders deplete glycogen reserves, reduced protein causes lean tissue loss, and lack of vitamins required for metabolism increaes risk for injury
what are the new modeling guidlinen
23lbs less than the average woman. BMI lower than all but 2% of women
what are top causes of death for someone suffering from anorexia?
starvation,cardiac abnormalties,impaired kidney function,decreased bone density
