Nutrition Final Flashcards
1
Q
Carbohydrates major nutrition, because they
A
Provide the bodies major source of energy
2
Q
The digestion of milk yields these monosaccharides
A
Galactose and glucose
3
Q
High diet, high in dietary fiber
(Select ALL that apply)
A
1) decreases cholesterol levels in blood
2) decreases the incident of diverticulosis
3) decreases the risk for constipation
4) decreases the risk for cancer authority
4
Q
Exercise in 60 to 90 minutes per day
A
Produces sustained weight loss
5
Q
A part of the body that depends on a constant supply of carbohydrate to function properly is the
A
Central nervous system
6
Q
The current daily needs for NA plus is
A
2000 mg
7
Q
The recommended daily intake, a dietary fiber for an adult woman is
A
25 g a day
8
Q
Triglyceride are composed of
A
Glycerol and fatty acids
9
Q
In a balanced diet
A
1)Should provide 20% to 35% of total kilocalories FIBER
2) ship provide 45% to 65%of total kilocalories PROTEINS
3) ship provide to ** 10% to 35%** of total kilocalories CARBOHYDRATES
10
Q
Carbohydrates are quick energy foods, because
A
The human body can rapidly break them down to your energy
11
Q
A molecule of glycogen is composed of hundreds of units of
A
Glucose
12
Q
Over nutrition is characterized by
A
Access, nutrient, and energy intake overtime
13
Q
Cholesterol is synthesized by the body, mainly in the
A
Liver
14
Q
Nutrition is the sum of the processes involved in taking as ASSIMILATING and using nutrients
A
True
15
Q
Examples of the simple carbohydrates include
A
Glucose and GALACTOSE
16
Q
Carbohydrates are stored as glycogen in the
A
Liver and muscles
17
Q
The bodies main storage form of Cobbo hydrate is
A
Glycogen
18
Q
Exercise in 30 minutes per day
A
Prevent chronic diseases
19
Q
An important function a BILE is to
A
Brake fat into smaller particles
20
Q
The person most at risk for malnutrition would be a
A
Middle-age man undergoing chemotherapy for leukemia, and who is having difficulty eating solid food
21
Q
A patient requires a nutrition assessment, the most appropriate professional to perform the assessment
A
Registered dietitian
22
Q
The main nutrients involved in metabolic regulation and control are
A
Vitamins and minerals
23
Q
Digestion of the starch component of a peanut butter sandwich begins in the
A
Mouth
24
Q
An example of a food low in carbohydrates is
A
STEAK
25
Young woman is five months pregnant. She currently lives in a condition of poverty, and often run out of money to buy food. She is most at risk for.
Under nutrition
26
Compare with the pH and the the pH and the small intestine is
higher
27
Proteins are built from simpler organic compounds called
Amino acids
28
The rhythmic contractions of the stomach and intestine that propel food along are called
PERISTALSIS
29
The process of digestion involves _____ and _____ actions
Mechanical, chemical
30
The surface of the intestinal wall has mucosal folds VILLI., and MICROVILLI to
Increase surface area for absorption
31
Protein plays an important role in the body
In defense against disease and infection
32
The element that is contained in proteins, but not in carbohydrates or lipids is
Nitrogen
33
The phase of metabolism that make growth build up and repair possible
Anabolism
34
The total number of kilocalories in a snack that contains 10 g carbohydrate, 2 g protein and 5 g fat is_____ KCAL
 93
35
An activity that results increased energy exposure is
Cleaning house
36
Bile contains
EMULSIFIERS
37
An example of a gastric secretion is
Hydrochloric acid
38
Bacteria found in the colon is significant because they
Synthesize of vitamin K
39
The primary nutritional function of the large intestines is
Absorption of water
40
The number of kilocalories from protein in a sandwich that contains 24 g protein is____kcal
96
41
After a period of mixing churning of the ingested food with the gastric secretions, the semi fluid mass is called
CHYME
42
Two organs that work with the small intestine in digestion are the
Pancreas and liver
43
Primary function of protein in the diet is to supply
Material for growth and maintenance
44
The first source of store energy to be used during a period of fasting is
Glycogen
45
The amount of energy, the body needs to maintain life while at digestive, physical and emotional arrest is called the
Basal metabolism
46
The number of amino acids is
20
47
Energy expenditure is increased by
Physical exercise
48
In the diet, the greatest proportion of essential amino acids are provided
Animal products
49
The lining of the stomach and intestines is protected from strong acid by
MUCUS
50
The number of amino acids that are indispensable for human beings is
9
51
TDDEE formula is
BMR X AF
52
Vitamin D deficiency is growing children that resolved in the malformation of skeletal tissue, especially the long bones is referred to as
Rickets
53
What is the most important source of RIBO FLAVIN in the United States?
Milk
54
An important function of sodium is
Water balance
55
Vitamin E protects membranes because it acts as
An antioxidant
56
The disease is associated with niacin deficiency is
PELLAGRA
57
A vitamin that behaves more like a hormone than a vitamin is vitamin
D
58
For a compound to be classified as a vitamin, it must
Perform a vital function
59
An important function of vitamin A is to
Help form RHODOPSIN in the eye
60
A patient taking ISONIAZID (INH) an anti tubercular mediation is most likely to be deficient in
PYRIDOXIN
61
Vitamin C deficiency is associated with
Scurvy
62
A folic acid deficiency induces a form of anemia called
Megaloblastic, anemia
63
The person most at risk for vitamin D deficiency is a
62-year-old woman who lives in cold climate, and really goes outdoors
64
The hormones that participate in calcium metabolism are
Parathyroid in calcitonin
65
The primary function of vitamin D is to regulate the absorption and metabolism of one of the minerals listed below
Calcium
66
An alcoholic is most likely tea to be deficient in
Thiamin
67
The main function of fluoride is too
To prevent Dental carries
68
Decreased bone growth
Vitamin K
69
Megaloblastic, anemia
Vitamin B 12
70
Dry skin and EXROPHTHALMIA
Vitamin A ECCHYMOSIS bruising
71
Diarrhea, dermatitis dementia, and DEATH
Vitamin K
72
HEMOLYTIC, anemia, and generalized weakness
Vitamin E
73
The pro vitamin form of vitamin A, that is found in plant pigments is
 CAROTENE
74
A deficiency of vitamin A may result in
Night blindness
75
The vitamin that is destroyed by light is
RIBOFLAVIN
76
A young woman who is interested in becoming pregnant, should be canceled on healthy eating choices, especially regarding folate rich foods, which may result may help prevent
Neural tube defects, spina BIFida
77
The organ involved in the production of the physiologically, active form of vitamin D is the
Kidney 
78
Which mineral is most important for blooding, clotting, muscle and nerve action and bone health teeth information
Calcium
79
The fat, soluble, vitamin responsible for the senses of blood clotting factors by liver is vitamin
K
80
A pregnant adolescent is at risk because she
Is still in a growth stage of development
81
A good source of iron during pregnancy would be
Lean ground beef
82
The idea first food for infants is
Human milk
83
A little birthweight weighs less than
2500 grams
84
A major factory and weight control is
Physical activity
85
Doing pregnancy and women should be encouraged not to
Drink, alcoholic beverages every day
86
The Grove charts are poor indicator of childs growth rate
False
87
If given proper guidance, a female or 14 years of age have no health to herself or the baby while pregnant
True
88
Doing a check up at the clinic a child growth is evaluated by using
Growth chart
89
The number of calories per day supplied is carbohydrate for older adults who require 2000 K Cal per day would be
900 to 1300
90
Drinking 3 to 4 cups of milk a day during pregnancy is recommended because it is a good source of
Vitamin D
91
Which of the following hormone is responsible for milk let down during lactation
OXYTOCIN
92
Parents who use natural food should be advised to
Avoid giving honey to a child younger than one year
93
The feeding process is an important part of the following developmental factors
Bond relationship with parent
94
Total weight gained on the first trimester shift be approximately
2 to 4
95
Which mineral or vitamin is necessary for preventing spinal deficit, and or neurologic deficit in fetuses and infants
FOLATE
96
Women who are obese Eisha gain less weight than women who are normal weight
True
97
A type of feeding not recommended for infants during the early month is
C OWS milk
98
A good source of calcium during pregnancy is
Milk
99
The best way to treat morning sickness, heartburn and constipation is to consume dry foods, high and fiber, drink, moderate amount of fluid and spread the meal into smaller, but frequent portions
True
100
A condition of severe prolong and persistent, vomiting during pregnancy is called
Hyperemesis, Gravidarum
101
The idea first food for newborns is
Breastmilk
102
A good source of calcium for the groin Child is
Milk
103
The approximate recommended age for adding solid food to an infants diet is_____
Months
6
104
The amount of extra protein required by pregnant women compared with non-pregnant. Women is approximately._______g/day
25
105
Adequate Foley in the Peri conceptional. Help prevent.
Neural tube defects
106
What is the rate of weight gain for a woman in her 20th week of pregnancy
1lb/ week
107
Contributing factors for osteoporosis include
In adequate calcium and vitamin D intake
108
The accumulation of glucose in the blood is called
Hyperglycemia
109
To lose 2 pounds over a two week period caloric intake will need to be reduced by_____kcal/day
500
110
The hormone considered to act in a manner opposite to insulin is
GLUCAGON
111
The correct way to calculate TDEE is
TDEE= BMR x AF x IF
112
BMI definitions
Obese - more than 30
Overweight - 25 to 29
Underweight -less than 18.5
Normal 18.5 to 24
113
To survive the minimum amount of body weight that may consist the body fat for 120 pound woman____lb
9.6
114
Effective methods for weight reduction include
Behavior modification
115
Mr. batter 45 years old height is 6‘,1“ weigh 300 pounds his BMR is 2000 K Cal/D and his AF is 1.5 calculate his TDEE
3500 K Cal/D
116
Mr. swing has planning to lose 1/2 to 1 pound per week is this a realistic go?
True
117
Thai to diabetes is most common in
Older adults
118
Mr. Green 40 years old 122.2 lbs pounds 5‘,8“ BMR equal 1200 K Cal/D and AF is 1.5 is keeping a balance diet how many kilocalories of carbs need to consume in a day
900 K gal
119
Mr. Ruben. He is 59 years old, 6 feet and his weight is 220 pounds which the weight status of this patient
Mr. Rubens is obese
120
In the probability, the most significant factor and development of obesity is
Genetics and family patterns
121
Miss Green 40 years old 122 pounds 5’8” BMR equal 1200 K Cal/D AF 1.5 is keeping a balance diet how many kilocalories proteins need to consume in a day
2500 kcal
122
The town apart to Lipton is
GHRELIN
123
If a child has obese parents, the likelihood of the child also being obese is
Very high
124
The primary organ involved in the disease process of type 1 diabetes mellitus is the
Pancreas
125
A major contributing factor to the increase in obesity in the United States is
Lack of exercise
126
Mr. Green. A 40 years old, 122.2 pounds, 5‘,8“, BMR equal 1200 K Cal/D and a AF1.5, is keeping a balanced diet, how many kilocalories of fats needs to consume in a day?
2000 K Cal
127
The largest portion of the isolate cells are the B cells that synthesize
Insulin
128
A 2 pound increase in fat is a kilocalorie equivalent of
7000
129
Mr. Ruben comes in the clinic and is 20 pounds above his desirable weight and has type two diabetes. A recommendation to Mr. Rubens would be too.
Lose weight
130
A teenage girl who has distorted body image, and refuses to maintain and acceptable bodyweight, should be evaluated for
Anorexia nervosa
131
The three common long-term complications of diabetes affect the sales of the
Kidney eye and nerve tissue
132
Ketones are a byproduct of the metabolism of
FATS
133
A food that can be used freely on a sodium restricted diet is
A fresh apple
134
A patient with a history of diverticulosis who complains of severe left lower quadrant pain with diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting should be evaluated for
Diverticulitis
135
The cause of essential hypertension is
Unknown
136
Most also occur in the
Duodenal bulb
137
A food choice that may be limited in a meal plan, controlling fat and cholesterol is
Pork sausage
138
Bile is produced by the
Liver
139
Inappropriate seasoning choice to use for soda and restricted diet would be
Lemon juice
140
A food that should be omitted from the diet of a patient with a peptic ulcer disease is
Black pepper
141
An INFARCT in a major artery, supplying to brain results, and
A CERBROVASCULAR accident
142
The ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER muscle controls entry of food into the
Stomach
143
A patient’s blood pressure reading is 150/92MMHG. This would be considered.
Stage 1 hypertension
144
Hey Food, that should be limited by patients with heart failure is
Salted potato chips
145
The most important function of the gallbladder is to
Concentrate and store BILE
146
A risk factor for coronary heart disease that cannot be controlled is
Family history
147
Crohn’s disease IS
And inflammatory bowel disease
148
The presence of gallstones in the gallbladder is called
CHOLELITHIASIS
Cholelithiasis
149
A food that is considered a common food allergen is
Peanut butter
150
Hypertension is common in some ethnic groups, including
African-Americans
151
A food choice that would help provide adequate protein for recovery from hepatitis is
Grilled chicken
152
A clinical system of gallbladder inflammation, or gallstones is
Pain and distention after eating
153
A function of lipoproteins is to carry
Fat and cholesterol to the sales for energy and metabolism
154
The main source of dietary sodium and food is
Processed foods
155
A cause of diarrhea is
Lactose intolerance
156
Localized area of dying or dead tissue is called
INFARCT
infarct
157
The term used to describe difficulty in swallowing is
DYSPHAGIA
158
A 62-year-old woman who smokes, one pack of cigarettes, a day, and whose food and take records reveal amendment and take a vitamin seafood is most likely to be at risk for
Easy, bruising, and pinpoint hemorrhages
159
Tissue bleeding, including easy, bruising, and pinpoint skin hemorrhages smokers, deplete their supply
Vitamin C
160
Basic mechanism for maintaining body hydration is
Thirst
161
A deficiency of night blindness
Vitamin A
162
Night blindness results from a deficiency of
Vitamin A
163
Moderate amounts of lean meat, help enhance the absorption and the develop and availability of nonheme iron
Vitamin C
164
It is characterized by malformation of skeletal tissue and growing children, in which long bones are soft and often been under the weight of the child. Rickets is a disease associated with.
Vitamin D
165
The vitamin that behaves more like a hormone than a vitamin is vitamin
D
166
Ask as a coin enzyme factor related to the production of energy from glucose and the storage of energy as fat, making energy available to support normal growth
THIAMIN
167
Health for the visual pigment RHODOPSIN, in the eye retinol name given to
Vitamin A
168
Fish liver walls are a natural source of
Vitamin D
169
Spinach, carrots, and sweet potatoes are good sources of
BET – CAROTENE
170
CALCITONIN and PARATHYROD hormone factors most responsible for regulating calcium absorption from food are
Vitamin D hormone
171
The basic function of blank is in the blood clotting process, well known depending blood factor is Prothrombin
Vitamin K
172
The vitamin most closely associated with protein metabolism is
Vitamin B6 PYRIDOXINE
173
The vitamin destroyed by light
RIBOSLAVIN
174
Psyllium is a trace manner that works with vitamin__ as an antioxidant. Celi and spares _____ by reducing the bodies requirement for ___ and ___, spares selenium by reducing the bodies requirement for selenium
Vitamin E
175
Associated with scurvy
Vitamin c
176
Protect membranes by acting as natures, most potent fat, soluble antioxidant
Vitamin E
177
Vitamins b deficieny
Glossitis
Cheilosis
178
Retinol
Vitamin A
179
Vitamin d
Child with rickets
Adult with Osteomalacia
Osteoporosis
180
Vitamin d
Decrease bone growth
181
Vitamin E
Acts as a antioxidant
Tocopherol
Protect cell Membrane
Hemolytic anemia
182
Vitamin K
Severe malabsorption
Chrons disease
Blood clotting
Bruising
Green leafy vegetables
183
Vitamin B1
Thiamine
Convert food into energy
Deficiency BEEI BERI
WERNICKE KORSAKOFF
OPTIC NEUROPATHY
184
Vitamin B2
Riboflavin
Milk
Destroyed by light
Yellowish orange color
Deficiency Disease(Cheilosis,Corneal,Glossitis)
185
Vitamin B
Niacin
Pellagra (4D)dementia,dermatitis,diarrhea death
186
Vitamin B4
Choline- memory function
liver damage
Neurotransmitter synthesis Ach
187
Vitamin b5
Pantothenic Acid
Dermatitis
Enteritis
Alecia
Adrenal insufficiency
188
Vitamin b6
Pyridoxine
Brain function
Neuritis
INH
OCP
189
Vitamin B7
Biotin
Vitamin H
Acid in egg white
190
Vitamin B9
Folate
Absorbed at jejunum
Neural tube defects
191
Vitamin B12
Absorption and digestion
Absorb terminal ileum
192
Fat soluble vitamins
A D E K
193
Water soluble vitamins
C and B complex
194
Calcium
8.5-10.5mg/dl
195
Phosphorus
3-4.5mg/dl
196
Sodium
135-145mEq/L
197
Potassium
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
198
Chloride
95-105mEq/L
199
Magnesium
1.5-2.5 mg/dl
200
Sulfur
Hair skin nails
