Nutrition#fbgroup

Question 1

The Nurses’ Health Study showed all the following findings except;
A. Consumption of processed meat five or more times per week was associated with an increased risk of diabetes
B. A vegan diet was associated with a 48% reduction in diabetes medications
C. Overweight or obesity was the single most important predictor of diabetes
D. Abstinence from alcohol was associated with a significantly increased risk of diabetes, even after adjustment for BMI

Answer 1

1. Answer is B as B is not from Nurses Health study, it’s from Barnard ND et al 2006 A low-fat vegan diet improves glycaemic control
   A is from Nurses health study 8 year follow up
   C 16 – year follow up from nurses health
   D 16 – year follow up from nurses health , Lack of exercise, a poor diet, current smoking, and abstinence from alcohol use were all associated with a significantly increased risk of diabetes, even after BMI adjustment

Question 2

Insulin resistance is dependent upon which factors ?
•A. Changes in microbiome
•B. Epigenetic factors
•C. Diet and Lifestyle factors
•D. B & C

Answer 2

Answer is D
Changes to microbiome can cause dysbiosis (microbiome imbalance) which decreased short-chain fatty acids production like butyrate which assist in blood sugar management, but insulin resistance is not dependent on it

Question 3

The fasting-mimicking diet promotes Beta-cell regeneration through which model?
•A. Murine (Mice)
•B. Murine (Rat)
•C. Bovine
•D. Human

Answer 3

3.Answer is A. Murine (mouse)

Question 4

Select the false statement in the following: Flaxseeds are:

1. a rich source of essential omega 3 fatty acids
2. Able to assist in improving digestive health, relieve constipation and reducing total cholesterol
3. One of the most potent dietary interventions to reduce blood pressure
4. Best consumed whole
5. Recommended as part of Dr Gregers Daily Dozen Checklist

Answer 4

Answer 4: They are best consumed ground
https://www.researchgate.net/…/233954194Flaxseed-_A… - Flaxseed - A miraculous defense against some critical maladies

Question 5

Select the false statement in the following: Advanced glycation end products…:

1. Levels can be influenced by the way a food is prepared.
2. Are compounds formed when fat or proteins combine with sugar in the bloodstream
3. In high levels are associated with an increased risk of many diseases including diabetes, heart disease and Alzheimers.
4. Continually accumulate in the body as there is no means of elimination
5. Levels are typically higher in animal based and processed foods

Answer 5

Answer 4

(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3704564/) - Information on AGE’s

Question 6

Select the false statement in the following:
Fibre:
1. Are carbohydrates that are not typically digested for energy
2. Promotes the growth of ‘good’ bacteria in the GI tract, which can improve gut and overall health
3. Daily recommended intakes of 25g for women and 38g for men are met by most Americans
4. Are found in plant foods, however refining processes can reduce levels
5. Can lower cholesterol, stabilise blood sugar and decrease the risk of colon cancer.

Answer 6

Answer 3
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6124841/) a 2016 study estimates that 95% of adults and children in the USA are not meeting daily fibre targets