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Nutrition > Nutrition Exam 2 > Flashcards

Nutrition Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What functions as a dense form of food energy?

A

Fats

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2
Q

Why would someone receiving fat free parenteral nutrition develop a deficiency in linoleic acid?

A

Essential fatty oils

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3
Q

Process by which a double bond is broken on a fatty acid carbon chain and hydrogen is added?

A

Hydrogenation

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4
Q

Form of bile, vitamin D, sex hormones, brain and nerve tissue cells depend on?

A

Sterols

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5
Q

Level of saturation of fat is determined by the number of?

A

Double bonds

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6
Q

Fatty acid with two or more double bonds on the carbon chain is a?

A

Poly-unsaturated fatty acid

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7
Q

Oil comes from vegetable products and saturated fats come from?

A

Natural fats

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8
Q

Omega 3 fatty acids interfere with blood clotting and lower the risk of?

A

Heart disease

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9
Q

How many kcal does fat contain?

A

9

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10
Q

Process by which liquid oil is made more solid and stable is?

A

Hydrogenation

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11
Q

Protein is needed by the body because it provides?

A

Amino acids

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12
Q

What do Americans eat more of then they need?

A

Protein

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13
Q

Dangerous situation in which body proteins may become denatured is when someone has a very high?

A

Fever

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14
Q

Process in which body proteins are broken down to release amino acids in the blood stream?

A

Catabolism

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15
Q

Main structural protein found in connective tissue, bone, and teeth?

A

Collagen

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16
Q

Acid base balance is an important role of

A

Protein

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17
Q

Protein that carries oxygen in the muscles is called?

A

Myoglobin

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18
Q

Phenylketonuria is caused by failure to break down excess?

A

Phenylalanine

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19
Q

Hard-boiled eggs are examples of food that contain complete?

A

Protein

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20
Q

Complete proteins contain 9 essential ?

A

Amino Acids

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21
Q

Fish is a good source of ?

A

Omega-3 fatty acids

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22
Q

Energy for short term, high intensity activities such as sprinting is obtained mostly through?

A

Anaerobic pathways

23
Q

As the duration of exercise increases, more energy is obtained from oxidation of?

A

Fatty acids

24
Q

What factor has the greatest impact on energy expenditure?

A

Body size

25
Q

Adaptive thermogenesis is the process by which the body uses energy to adjust to changes in?

A

Environmental conditions

26
Q

Three components of physical fitness are?

A

Flexibility, muscle strength, and cardio vascular endurance

27
Q

The amount of physical activity needed to maintain physical fitness depends on the?

A

Intensity of the activity

28
Q

Health benefits associated with strength training include increased?

A

Bone density

29
Q

Exercise is the factor that is most effective in increasing?

A

Muscle mass

30
Q

Smoking, low dietary intake of calcium and high caffefine consumption are likely to increase the risk for developing?

A

Osteoporosis

31
Q

Female athlete triad is associated with?

A

Eating disorders, amenuria, and osteoporosis

32
Q

Dowager’s hump is one characteristic of?

A

Osteoporosis

33
Q

Increased longevity of the population in the US is the primary reason for an expected increased incidence of?

A

Osteoporosis

34
Q

What phase of a women’s life cycle is bone loss the greatest?

A

Menopause

35
Q

Which two dietary supplements would be the most helpful to minimize bone loss?

A

Calcium and Vitamin D

36
Q

The hip and spine are the most common sites of fracture for an individual suffering from?

A

Osteoporosis

37
Q

Taking calcium supplement on an empty stomach is NOT GOOD advice to offer someone selecting a calcium supplement.

A

XXX

38
Q

Loss of ESTROGEN hormone with menopause increases the risk for?

A

Osteoporosis

39
Q

Calcium carbonate is the supplement that contains the highest amount of________ per dose?

A

Calcium

40
Q

Our body has no mechanism to combact free radicals? True or False?

A

False

41
Q

A two-part metabolic reaction that involves a loss and gain of electrons is a ___________ reaction?

A

Exchange

42
Q

Air pollution and smoke exposure are?

A

Free radicals

43
Q

Antioxidant minerals are required components of the ____________ enzyme system

A

Antioxident

44
Q

Antioxidant minerals stabilize free radicals by breaking down oxidized______________acids?

A

Fatty

45
Q

Type 1 diabetes is a disease that has not been linked to _____________ _____________ damage.

A

Free Radical

46
Q

Alpha-tocopherol is the most powerful and abundant form of vitamin?

A

E

47
Q

Vitamin E and daily anticoagulant medications should be avoided in excess due to and increased risk of?

A

Uncontrolled bleeding

48
Q

A water soluble vitamin that can regenerate vitamin E after it has been oxidized is?

A

Vitamin C

49
Q

A person suffering from fatigue, muscle wasting, and nerve damage is likely suffering from?

A

Beri Beri

50
Q

Meat, dairy products, fish and nuts are a major source of _____ in the diet?

A

Fat

51
Q

Olive oil is an example of a ____________ fat?

A

Monounsaturated

52
Q

Triglycerides are the form in which fats are_____________in the circulatory system.

A

Transported

53
Q

Primary role of the B vitamins is to act as?

A

Co-enzymes

Nutrition (4 decks)

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