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Biology > Nutrition + Digestion > Flashcards

Nutrition + Digestion Flashcards

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1
Q

Proteins are made of

A

Amino acids

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2
Q

Biuret reagent

A

Used to test for protein

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3
Q

Benedict’s reagent

A

Used to test for glucose (must be heated)

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4
Q

Iodine

A

Used to test for starch

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5
Q

Lipids are made of

A

3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol molecule

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6
Q

Proteins

A

Enable tissue growth and repair

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7
Q

Vitamins

A

Take part in important chemical reactions in the body

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8
Q

Water

A

Carries substances around the body and replaces lost water

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9
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Provide a supply of energy

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10
Q

Lipids

A

Provide a long-term supply of energy

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11
Q

Fibre

A

Keeps the digestive system healthy and prevents constipation

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12
Q

Minerals

A

Make blood, bones and other tissues healthy

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13
Q

Mouth

A

Starting point of food entering digestive system

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14
Q

Tongue

A

Mixes food with saliva

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15
Q

Esophagus

A

Transports food to stomach

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16
Q

Stomach

A

Storage and digestion of food

17
Q

Pancreas

A

Secretes digestive juices and enzymes

18
Q

Duodenum

A

Further digestion and absorption of nutrients

19
Q

Ileum

A

Final digestion and main absorption of nutrients

20
Q

Large intestine

A

Absorption of water, salts and vitamins

21
Q

Anus

A

Defecation

22
Q

Enzymes

A

Special proteins that speed up chemical reactions e.g. The breakdown of food molecules

23
Q

Amylase

A

Enzyme produced by the salivary glands and pancreas which converts starch into maltose

24
Q

Maltase

A

Enzyme produced by the pancreas that converts maltose into glucose

25
Q

Pepsin

A

Enzyme produced in the stomach that converts proteins into smaller peptides or amino acids

26
Q

Trypsin

A

Enzyme produced by the pancreas that converts proteins into smaller peptides or amino acids

27
Q

Lipase

A

Enzyme produced by the pancreas which breaks down fat (lipid) molecules

28
Q

Bile

A

A substance produced in the liver that emulsifies fat and neutralises the pH of the ‘food’ leaving the stomach

29
Q

Digestion

A

Breakdown of food

30
Q

Chemical digestion

A

Breakdown of food by enzymes

31
Q

Mechanical digestion

A

Breakdown of food by teeth and tongue

32
Q

pH 2-3

A

pH of the stomach

33
Q

pH 7-8

A

pH of the duodenum

34
Q

If glucose is present …

A

The colour will change from blue to brick red

35
Q

If protein is present …

A

The colour will change from light blue to purple

36
Q

If starch is present …

A

The colour will change from brown to blue / black

37
Q

Liver

A

Bile production

38
Q

Gall bladder

A

Bile storage

39
Q

Explain how the villus has adapted for the absorption of the products of digestion

A
  1. Larger surface area

2. Blood vessels near the walls

Biology (4 decks)

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