Nutrition Concepts (CH1)

Question 1

Food is the…

Answer 1

basic need of humans

Question 2

Humans need…

Answer 2

enough food to live and the correct assortment of foods for optimal health

Question 3

Food Security

Answer 3

People have access at all times to sufficient supply of safe nutritious food that are needed for an active and healthy life

Question 4

Food Insecurity

Answer 4

Exists wherever the availability of safe nutritious food or the ability to acquire nutritious food in socially acceptable ways is limited or uncertain

Question 5

Food provides…

Answer 5

energy and other substances needed to grow

Question 6

Calories:

Answer 6

unit of measurement

Question 7

Nutrients

Answer 7

chemical substances in food that are used by the body to sustain growth and health

Question 8

6 categories of nutrients

Answer 8

Carbohydrates
Protein
Fats
Vitamins
Minerals
Water

Question 9

Other substance Phytochemicals

Answer 9

Substances in plants some perform important functions in the human body
ex: antioxidants; chemical that prevent/repair damaged cells caused by exposure to oxidizing

Question 10

We all need the same nutrients, just in different…

Answer 10

AMOUNTS (vary based on: age, sex, growth, body size, genetics, disease, pregnancy/breastfeeding, drugs, environmental exposure – can influence requirement )

Question 11

Essential nutrients-

Answer 11

Nutrient that is required for growth and health that the body can not produce or produce enough

Question 12

Non-essential

Answer 12

Nutrients that can be found in food but the body can produce them
We all need the same nutrients but not always in the same amounts:

Question 13

Dietary Reference Intake (Nutrition Intake Standards)

Answer 13

Provide recommended intake levels of essential nutrients and safe upper level of intake – daily levels of intake not only meet the nutrition levels of most people(97%-98%) but also promote health and help reduce the risk of chronic diseases

Question 14

Adequate Intake (Nutrition Intake Standards)

Answer 14

Best estimates of nutrient intake levels that promote optimal health

Question 15

Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (Nutrition Intake Standards)

Answer 15

Estimates of safe upper limits of nutrient intake do not represents the recommended or desired levels of intake

Question 16

Health problems related to nutrition originate with in the…

Answer 16

CELL

Question 17

Cells are the building blocks of…

Answer 17

tissues, organs, and systems

Question 18

Normal Cell Health and Functioning are maintained when…

Answer 18

A nutritional and environmental health exist with in the cell

Question 19

Poor nutrition can result from both…

Answer 19

Inadequate and excessive levels of nutrient intake

Question 20

Each nutrient, every individual has a range of optimal intake that produces…

Answer 20

The best level for cell and body functions

Question 21

Steps in the development of nutrient deficiencies and toxicities

Answer 21

• Inadequate dietary intake
• Depletion of tissues stores of nutrient
• Decrease blood levels of nutrient
• Decrease nutrient available to cells
• Impaired cellular function
• Physical signs and symptoms of deficiencies
• Long term impairment of health

Question 22

Nutrient deficiencies are often multiple

Answer 22

Most foods contain many nutrients so poor diets will affect the intake level of more than one nutrient

Question 23

Humans have adaptive mechanisms for managing…

Answer 23

fluctuations in nutrient intake

Question 24

Healthy humans are equipped with a number of adaptive mechanisms that can offer…

Answer 24

some protection from poor health due to poor dietary intake/fluctuation

Question 25

Adaptive Mechanism

Answer 25

Act to conserve nutrients when dietary supplies are low and eliminate when the supplies are excessively high

Question 26

Malnutrition can result from…

Answer 26

Poor diets and from disease states, genetic factors or combination of the factors

Question 27

Some groups are at higher risk of…

Answer 27

becoming inadequately nourished than others

Question 28

Which groups have a greater need for nutrients than other groups

Answer 28

• Women who are pregnant
• Breastfeeding
• Infants and growing children
• Elderly
• Ill and recovering from illness

Question 29

Poor nutrition can influence the development of…

Answer 29

certain chronic diseases

Question 30

Diet can play an important roles in the development of which diseases?

Answer 30

• Heart Disease
• Hypertension
• Cancer
• Osteoporosis
• Other disease

Question 31

What are the key characteristics of a healthful diet

Answer 31

Adequacy, Variety and Balance

Question 32

Healthy diets are associated with:

Answer 32

• Normal growth and development
• Healthy body weight
• Health maintenance and disease prevention

Question 33

Healthy dietary patterns are characterized by regular consumption of…

Answer 33

Moderate portions of a variety of foods from each of the basic food groups

Question 34

Energy-dense Food

Answer 34

“Relatively high calorie value per unit weight of the food”

Question 35

Nutrient-dense Food

Answer 35

“Food with high level of nutrient and relatively low calorie value”

Question 36

There are no “good” or “ bad” foods because…

Answer 36

Foods can fit into a healthy diet as long as nutrients needs are met at calorie intake levels that maintain a healthy body weight

Question 37

Estimated Average Requirements (Nutrition Intake Standards)

Answer 37

Represents the intake level of a nutrient that is estimated to meet the requirement of 50% of individuals with in the group