Nutrition Basics Flashcards
Define the word nutrient.
It is a substance the body uses for growth, maintenance, and repair of it’s tissues.
What is an essential nutrient?
It is a nutrient the body is incapable of making itself and therefore needs to obtain it through the intake of food.
What are the six major classes of nutrients?
Carbohydrate, protein, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water.
Which nutrients are organic and inorganic?
Carbohydrate, protein, lipid and vitamins are organic.
Mineral and water are inorganic.
What is the difference between organic and inorganic?
Organic nutrients contain the element of carbon. This means the substance is a living thing.
What is a defining characteristic of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids?
They are energy-yielding macronutrients.
Identify the difference between macronutrients and micronutrients.
Macronutrient: a substance the body requires in large quantities.
Micronutrient: only required in small quantities.
Give six examples of non-nutrient substances that may be present in food.
Artificial flavours, artificial colours, antimicrobial agents, emulsifiers, antibiotics, antioxidants.
List five methods used to enhance the flavour of food products.
Salt, sugar, spices, sweeteners and msg.
List three antioxidants used in the preservation of food products.
Vitamin C, vitamin E and sulphates.
Emulsifiers are used for ______.
maintaining the consistency and texture of a food product such as mayonnaise.
MSG stands for?
Monosodium glutamate.
What is a joule?
A measure unit of work energy. The word energy is defined as the capacity to do work.
How many kilojoules are in a single gram of carbohydrates, protein and fat?
Carbohydrate: 17 kJ
Protein: 17 kJ
Fat: 37 kJ
Which nutrient is higher in kilojoules and why?
Lipids yield more kilojoules per gram. This is due to the compound being higher in density.
