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DOMAIN 2 > Nutrition Assessment & Screening > Flashcards

Nutrition Assessment & Screening Flashcards

1
Q

4 steps of Nutrition care process

A

Assessment
Diagnosis
Intervention
Monitoring and Evaliation

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2
Q

ABCDH of Nutritional Assessment

A 
Anthropometrics
Biochemical labs
Clinical findings
Diet
History
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3
Q

% weight change

A

-stresses significance of change in weight

= (UBW-ABW) / (UBW) x100

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4
Q

Measure of skeletal muscle mass (somatic protein

A

AMA= arm muscle area

  • use TSF and Arm circumference
  • male: 25.3 cm, female: 23.2 cm
  • useful in growing children
  • useful in identifying possible pro-energy malnutrition
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5
Q

Normal range BMI for healthy adult

A

18.5-24.9

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6
Q

HIGH Waist to hip ratio (WHR) for men and women

A

-indicative of android obesity

>/= to 1.0 for men and >/= to 0.8 for women –> increased risk for obesity related diseases (i.e. diabetes, HTN)

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7
Q

Clearly defined markers that can be observed and measured; compared against nutrition care criteria

A

indicators

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8
Q

Food frequency lists

A

community setting; quick way to determine intakes on large numbers of people

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9
Q

Amputations

A
  • Entire leg: 16% of BW
  • lower leg with foot: 6% of BW
  • entire arm: 5% of BW
  • forearm with hand: 2.3% of BW
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10
Q

Formula for Estimated IBW with amputations

A

(100-%amputation)/100 x IBW for original ht

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11
Q

Triceps skinfold thickness (TSF)

A

Measures body fat reserves and calorie reserves

-male: 12.5 mm, female: 16.5 mm

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12
Q

Waist Circumference

A
  • independent risk factor for disease when out of proportion to total body fat
  • M > 40, F > 35
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13
Q

Hair: thin, sparse, easily pluckable

A

protein deficiency

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14
Q

Pale dry scaly skin

A

iron, folic acid, zinc deficiency

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15
Q

Pale, dry eyes, poor vision

A

vitamin A, zinc, or riboflavin deficiency

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16
Q

Visceral protein markers

A

serum albumin
serum transferring
transthyretin -shorter half life
prealbumin - shorter half life

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17
Q

Best visceral protein marker

A

transthyretin (TTHY)

-norm range: 16-40 mg/dL

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18
Q

Albumin

A
  1. 5-5 g/dL
    - high levels likely due to dehydration
    - does NOT reflect current protein intake –> long half life
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19
Q

Serum ferritin

A

indicates size of iron STORAGE pool

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20
Q

Serum creatinine

A
  • related to muscle mass
  • measures somatic protein
  • high: renal disease
  • low: muscle wasting
  • lean body mass; somatic protein
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21
Q

Blood urea nitrogen

A

10-20mg/dL

  • related to protein intake; and best indicator for renal disease
  • BUN:Creat ratio 10-15:1
  • renal pts should keep BUN under 100
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22
Q

Total lymphocyte count

A

> 2700 cells/cu mm

  • measures immunocompetency; ability to fight off infection
  • decreased in protein-energy malnutrition
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23
Q

C-Reactive protein

A

marker of acute inflammatory stress

-indicates when nutritional therapy would be beneficial as it declines

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24
Q

Free Erythrocyte Protoporphyrn (FEP)

A

Increased during lead poisoning

-lead depletes iron leading to anemia; displaces Ca in bone leading to Zn deficiency

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25
Q

Prothrombin Time (PT)

A

11-12.5 seconds; anticoagulants prolong PT

26
Q

Activity factors and BEE

A

BEE x 1.2 = sedentary

x1. 3= active
x1. 5= stressed

27
Q

Megace

A

appetite stimulant

28
Q

oral contraceptives

A

decreases folate, b6, and Vit C

29
Q

Loop diuretics

A

deplete K, Mg, Ca, Na, and Cl

30
Q

Thiazide diuretics

A

decreases K and Mg; absorb Ca

31
Q

Methotrexate (chemo agent)

A

decreases folate

32
Q

lithium carbonate (antidepressant)

A

increased appetite

-maintain consistent Na and caffeine intake; if restricted, lithium excretion decreases leading to toxicity

33
Q

anticoagulants (warfarin)

A

antagonizes Vit K – need to maintain consistent Vit K intake

34
Q

Propofol (diprivan)

A

administered in oil – need to consider fat calories (1.1kcal/cc)

35
Q

Isoniazid (treats TB)

A

Depletes pyridoxine; interferes with vitamin D –> leading to decreased Ca

36
Q

Vitamin B6 and protein

A

decreases effectiveness of levodopa –> controls symptoms of parkinsons Disease
-rec: take drug in AM with < 10gm protein

37
Q

nutrient that bind tetracycline

A

calcium

38
Q

Nutrient that can cause HTN if taken with MAOI (monoamine oxidase inhibitor)

A

Tyramine

-eliminate dopamine and restrict tyramine if taking MAO inhibitors

39
Q

Tyramine restriction if on MAO inhibitors

A

Restrict: aged, fermented, dried, pickled, smoked, spoiled foods
Avoid: hard aged cheeses, sauerkraut, lunch meat
-The more aged or fermented the cheese, the more tyramine in the product
ADVICE PT to Buy, cook, and eat fresh foods

40
Q

Community and group nutrition status indicators

A
  • Are available nutrition resources adequate?
  • What groups at at potentially high risk?
  • Are health needs being met by existing programs?
41
Q

Morbidity

A

disease rates

42
Q

MORTALity

A

death rates

43
Q

number of NEW cases of a disease over a period of time

A

incidence

44
Q

TOTAL number of EXISTING people with a disease during a period of time

A

prevalence

45
Q

Access to sufficient foods by all people at all times to lead a healthy and active lifestyle

A

Food security

46
Q

Limited ability to acquire/consume the quality or quantity of food needed in socially acceptable ways

A

Food INsecurity

  • food insecurity without hunger
  • food insecurity WITh hunger
47
Q

Development of sustainable and community based strategies to ensure all individuals have access to adeqaute food

A

Community Food Security Initiative

48
Q

Examination of a group at a particular point in time; cross-sectional exam; identified PREVALENCE at a specific time

A

Nutrition survey

49
Q

Continuous collection of data to identify a problem, set baseline and priorities, and detect trends

  • uses ht, wt, hct, hgb, and serum chol
  • identifies needs and intervention needed
A

Nutritional surveillance

50
Q

Program to promote nutrition and improve nutritional care for the ELDERLY to identify nutritional problems early

A

NSI: Nutrition Screening Initiatve

  • DETERMINE Checklist: increases awareness of factors that influence nutritional health
  • LEVEL I: identifies those who need more comprehensive assessments
  • LEVEL II: for possible greater medical or nutritional problems
51
Q

5-12 ppl group to talk about concerns, beliefs, problems to obtain insight and advice; contributes attitudinal data

A

focus groups

52
Q

Program that includes all data collection and analysis activities of the govt r/t measuring the health and nutritional status, food consumption, and attitudes about diet and health

A

NNMRRP: National Nutrition Monitoring and Related Research Program

53
Q

PedNSS

A

Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System

  • Dept HHS
  • low income, high risk children birth-17 yrs
  • monitors growth and nutritional status
54
Q

PNSS

A

Pregnancy Nutrition Surveillance System

  • Dept HHS
  • identify and reduce pregnancy related risks
  • Counts # of wmn who breastfeed
55
Q

NHANES

A

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

  • ongoing survey to obtain info on health of Americans
  • Clinical, chem, anthro, nutritional data (24hr recalls, FFQ)
56
Q

NHANES III

A

First time with a LARGE sample over 65 with NO age limit –> study of aging related to nutrition

57
Q

NFCS: Nationwide Food Consumption Surveys

A

To obtain info on food intake of individuals and total households from entire US
-USDA

58
Q

Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)

A

Adults 18 yrs and older residing in houses with phones – phone interviews on ht, wt, smoking, alcohol, FFQ for fat, F+V, diabetes
-Dept HHS

59
Q

Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS)

A

Grades 9-12 surveyed on smoking, wt control, alc use, exercise and eating habits
-Dept HHS

60
Q

Emergency food programs

A

-I.E. soup kitchens; don’t provide balanced meals because all food is given in donations

61
Q

Native american and alaskin native obesity epidemic

A

Adds to increased prevalence of heart disease and hypertension
-they depend heavily on federal food assistance programs

62
Q

High levels of which vitamin interfere with Levodopa?

A

Pyridoxine

DOMAIN 2 (5 decks)

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