Nutrition and food

Question 1

Name 7 different nutrients

Answer 1

Carbohydrates
Fats
Fibre
Proteins
Vitamins
Minerals
Water

Question 2

Describe a balanced diet

Answer 2

A balanced diet has the right amount of all 7 nutrients

Question 3

Do all foods have the same amount of nutrients?

Answer 3

No. All foods have different amounts of nutrients

Question 4

What do carbohydrates give us?

Answer 4

Carbohydrates give energy

Question 5

Describe sugars.

Answer 5

Sugars give fast releases of energy

Question 6

Describe starches

Answer 6

Starches give slow releases of energy

Question 7

Do we digest fibre?

Answer 7

No

Question 8

How does fibre help our digestive system?

Answer 8

Fibre bulks up our food and helps move it along the digestive tract

Question 9

What does protein do?

Answer 9

Protein grows and helps repair body tissues

Question 10

What do fats provide?

Answer 10

Fats give energy that can be stored and insulation

Question 11

How do vitamins and minerals help us?

Answer 11

They help prevent some diseases

Question 12

Why do we need water?

Answer 12

For chemical reactions and to help move materials around our body

Question 13

When does malnutrition occur

Answer 13

Malnutrition happens when the body is not supplied with the correct amount of the 7 nutrients in the diet

Question 14

What is a deficiency disease?

Answer 14

A deficiency disease is caused by a lack of a particular nutrient in your diet

Question 15

What causes scurvy?

Answer 15

Vitamin C (fruit)

Question 16

Symptoms of scurvy

Answer 16

Swollen gums, bruising, dry hair and skin

Question 17

What causes kwashiorkor?

Answer 17

Lack of protein and minerals

Question 18

Symptoms of kwashiorkor ?

Answer 18

Swelling, poor muscle growth, fatigue

Question 19

Causes of anaemia?

Answer 19

Low iron

Question 20

Symptoms of anaemia?

Answer 20

Paleness, tiredness

Question 21

Causes of rickets?

Answer 21

Lack of vitamin D or calcium

Question 22

Symptoms of rickets?

Answer 22

Soft, deformed bones

Question 23

Causes of night blindness?

Answer 23

Vitamin A deficiency

Question 24

What can food samples be tested for?

Answer 24

To see what nutrients they contain

Question 25

How are solid foods tested?

Answer 25

To test a solid food it must be ground up in water and filtered to make a solution

Question 26

What is the test for starch?

Answer 26

Iodine solution

Question 27

If starch is present what is the colour change?

Answer 27

Reddish-brown to blue-black

Question 28

What is Benedict’s solution used to test for?

Answer 28

Reducing sugar

Question 29

What happens to Benedict’s solution and the sample during the test?

Answer 29

They must be heated

Question 30

In the presence of reducing sugar, what happens to Benedict’s solution?

Answer 30

It changes colour from blue to orange

Question 31

What is the test for protein?

Answer 31

Biuret solution

Question 32

If protein is present what happens to biuret’s solution?

Answer 32

It changes colour from blue to violet

Question 33

What are complex carbohydrates (starch) made up of?

Answer 33

Small units called sugar molecules (glucose)

Question 34

What are proteins made up of?

Answer 34

Many small
Units called amino acids

Question 35

What are fats made up of?

Answer 35

Fats are made up of subunits called fatty acids and glycerol

Question 36

What do humans use teeth for?

Answer 36

To bite and chew food. Breaking it down from large to small pieces

Question 37

What are canines used for?

Answer 37

Canines rip and tear food

Question 38

What are incisors used for?

Answer 38

Incisors cut and slice the food

Question 39

What are pre-molars and molars used for?

Answer 39

Pre-molars and molars are used for chewing and grinding