Nutrition

Question 1

What are nutrients?

Answer 1

A substance in food, used in the body for growth, repair and maintenance.

Question 2

Name the major and minor nutrients

Answer 2

Major - carbohydrates, proteins, lipids (water)

Minor - vitamins and minerals

Question 3

What is the RECOMMENDED DIETARY ALLOWANCE (RDA)

Answer 3

Amounts of selected nutrients considered enough to meet nutrient need of healthy people.

Question 4

Define energy value and state energy yield of fat, protein and carbohydrate

Answer 4

Indication of amount of energy needed to digest or absorb food.

Fat = 4 kcal/g
Protein = 4 kcal/g
Fat = 9 kcal/g
Ethanol = 7kcal/g
Organic acids = < 4 kcal/g

Question 5

What are the ideal proportions of energy obtained from dietary fats, proteins and carbohydrates?

Answer 5

Fats = 15-20%
Proteins = 20-30%
Carbohydrates = 40-60%

Question 6

Define respiratory quotient (RQ) and state the RQ for fats, proteins and carbohydrates

Answer 6

Ratio of carbon dioxide produced by body to oxygen consumed by body. RQ = CO2 eliminated/ O2 produced

Fats = 0.7
Proteins = 0.8-0.9
Carbohydrates = 1