Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

pdhpe yearly notes > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Bulimia

A

An eating disorder with binge eating followed by guilt and often self-induced vomiting or diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Obesity

A

Obesity is a complex disease involving an excessive amount of body fat. It is a medical problem that increases your risk of other diseases and health problems, such as heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure and certain cancers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Balanced Diet

A

a diet consisting of a variety of different types of food and providing adequate amounts of the nutrients necessary for good health.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Anorexia

A

an emotional disorder characterized by an obsessive desire to lose weight by refusing to eat.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fad Diet

A

A diet that promises quick weight loss. It is usually popular for a short period of time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Nutrition

A

Taking in food or other substances necessary for growth, health and good condition.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Body Image

A

The way an individual sees their body and how this impacts the way they feel about themselves.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which is the biggest food group where you need most of your daily food intake to come from?

A

Bread, cereal, rice, pasta, and noodles group (carbohydrates)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Fruit contains vitamins, carbohydrates, fiber and minerals. What is the recommended daily intake of fruit?

A

2-3 servings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How many grams of cheese is considered one serving?

A

40g

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

If a person is suffering from anemia, which mineral are they lacking?

A

Iron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What vitamin promotes eyesight and is required by the retina of the eye?

A

Vitamin K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the recommended calcium intake of a person aged 12-18?

A

1300mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do fad diets do?

A

They deprive you of the essential nutrients your body requires to function effectively.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How much sugar does a can of soft drink contain?

A

Ten tablespoons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the best statement regarding dieting and losing weight?

A

The less food I eat, the more weight I will lose.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

RDI for Australian males and females (per day) - 14-18 years of age

A 
Grains - 7
Vegetables and legumes - 5-5.5
Milk, cheese, and alternatives - 3.5
Lean meats, eggs, nuts, legumes, etc - 2.5
Fruit - 2
Discretionary foods - 1-3
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Benefits of maintaining a healthy diet

A 
Weight loss.
Reduced cancer risk.
Diabetes management.
Heart health and stroke prevention.
The health of the next generation.
Strong bones and teeth.
Better mood.
Improved memory.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Circumstances that will have an influence on an individual’s food choice:

A

Biological determinants such as hunger, appetite, and taste. Economic determinants such as cost, income, availability. Physical determinants such as access, education, skills (e.g. cooking) and time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How each of the five food groups fit into a rounded diet:

A

If you eat a variety of foods from each of these groups, your body will receive all the nutrients and vitamins it needs to function.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Tips to control portion sizes:

A 
Use Smaller Dinnerware. ...
Use Your Plate as a Portion Guide. ...
Use Your Hands as a Serving Guide. ...
Ask for a Half Portion When Eating Out. ...
Start All Meals With a Glass of Water. ...
Take It Slowly. ...
Don't Eat Straight From the Container.
Be aware of the suitable serving size
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How the modern diet and nutritional choices of individuals that are increasing the incidences of dental disease

A

Cause dental diseases
Tooth Decay
Cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Why people get osteoporosis and bone fractures

A

A diet low in calcium contributes to diminished bone density, early bone loss and an increased risk of fractures.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How the modern diet and nutritional choices of individuals that are increasing the incidence of diabetes

A

A diet high in fat, calories, and cholesterol increases your risk of diabetes. A poor diet can lead to obesity (another risk factor for diabetes) and other health problems. A healthy diet is high in fiber and low in fat, cholesterol, salt, and sugar.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

How the modern diet and nutritional choices of individuals that are increasing the incidence of cancer

A

Of these, red and processed meats raise the most concern in terms of cancer risk. Red meat includes pork, beef, veal, and lamb. Processed meat includes bacon, ham, lunch meats, meat jerky, hot dogs, salami, and other cured meat products.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

How the modern diet and nutritional choices of individuals that are increasing the incidence of cardiovascular disease

A 
Sugar, Salt, Fat. Over time, high amounts of salt, sugar, saturated fat, and refined carbs raise your risk for a heart attack or stroke. ...
Bacon. ...
Red Meat. ...
Soda. ...
Baked Goods. ...
Processed Meats. ...
White Rice, Bread, and Pasta. ...
Pizza.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Social benefits of eating healthy

A
  • Improved confidence to socialize
  • People will enjoy the improved/happy person you become when you eat healthily
  • More energy to socialize
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Emotional benefits of eating healthy

A
  • Improved mental health
  • Improved self-esteem
  • Improves learning ability
  • Enhances mood
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Physical benefits of eating healthy

A
  • Healthy BMI
  • Improved skin
  • Reduced health risk (lifestyle diseases)
  • More energy
  • Improved sleep
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

An example that impacts all three areas of health (social, emotional, physical)

A

Improved BMI –> improved self-esteem–>improved confidence to socialize

31
Q

How time influences food choices

A

A person may choose to eat quickly prepared meals, such as three-minute noodles due to lack of time.

32
Q

How media influences food choices

A

A person may choose to eat a particular product because the advertising implies that it will lead to looking beautiful.

33
Q

How taste influences food choices

A

Sweets and fatty foods are more desirable and picky eaters find it harder to be open to many healthy food options

34
Q

How family influences food choices

A

Family is usually in control of what snacks are in the house and what meals are available to eat

35
Q

How peers influence food choices

A

Peers share food, temptations are high as they might eat at unhealthy restaurants, you eat what they eat

36
Q

How emotions influence food choices

A

If feeling negative emotions, some may op for the unhealthier option
If feeling positive emotions, some may choose to eat healthier food

37
Q

How cost influences food choices

A

Healthy foods are usually more expensive whilst junk food/unhealthy options are usually cheaper

38
Q

How socioeconomic status affects physical activity choices

A
  • Unable to pay for gym membership or physical activity groups to join
  • May not have adequate education to understand the importance of physical activity
39
Q

Causes for an increase in body weight

A

An imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure (metabolism and physical activity)

40
Q

Kilojoule supply of fat compared with protein and carbohydrates

A

Fat has a supply of kilojoules almost double the amount if carbohydrates and protein

41
Q

Effects of dehydration include

A

Faintness, dizziness, confusion, dark urine, light-headedness, thirst, heart palpitations

42
Q

When and what should you eat before exercising

A
  • It is necessary to eat before exercise in order to maximize performance, however eating a large meal before can negatively impact performance
  • You should eat carbohydrates as the they are the preferred fuel source of the body. The body stores carbohydrates as glycogen (sugar) and the muscles use glycogen when they need energy.
43
Q

What happens if a person eats too much food or eats too close to exercising

A

The digestive system uses energy to digest the food, and if the person eats too close to exercise, energy will be divided between the muscles and the digestive system.

44
Q

Why is it important to stay hydrated and when should you drink water?

A

It is very important to keep hydrated at all times, but particularly before, during and after exercise. During exercise, water in the body is used much more quickly because body temperature rises and the body sweats to keep cool

45
Q

The glycemic index (GI)

A

It ranks carbohydrates according to their level of blood glucose levels. Not all carbohydrates are equal and different carbohydrates cause blood glucose and insulin levels to fluctuate

46
Q

High GI carbohydrates…

A

release glucose into the bloodstream rapidly

47
Q

Low GI carbohydrates…

A

release glucose into the bloodstream more slowly

48
Q

Low GI foods (generally have a ranking of 55 or less) include:

A

Most fruits and vegetables, grainy bread, pasta, milk, yogurt, and some cheeses and nuts.

49
Q

Medium GI foods (generally have a rating of between 56 and 69) include:

A

Whole wheat products, some forms of rice, sweet potato and sugar

50
Q

High GI foods include:

A

Some cereals (particularly the sugary ones), baked potatoes, white bread, white rice, and some fruits including watermelon

51
Q

The glycemic index depends on a number of factors such as…

A

starch molecules, the fat and protein content of the food, and sugar and salt levels

52
Q

Which carbohydrates are the best to eat?

A

Carbohydrate intake depends on a number of factors including how much you eat, when you eat it, what type of activity you have done prior to eating or drinking, what you expect to do following the consumption.

53
Q

Health benefits of organic foods

A

Fewer chemicals, the nutritional value is typically higher, fresher, taste better, organic food has healthy connotations so people choose it believing that its a lot better for them.

54
Q

Ethical reasons why people choose organic foods

A
  • Many foods are genetically modified
55
Q

Ethical reasons why people choose organic foods

A
  • They have less of an environmental impact than conventional farming
  • Organic farming practices reduce pollution, conserve water, reduce soil erosion, increase soil fertility, and use less energy. Farming without pesticides is also better for nearby birds and animals as well as people who live close to farms.
56
Q

risks of consuming pesticides and gm foods

A

Potential effects include cancer and damage to the nervous, endocrine, and reproductive systems.

57
Q

Widely recognized superfoods

A

Broccoli, cocoa, kale, ginger, blueberries, goji berries, spirulina

58
Q

Benefits of broccoli

A

Calcium, zinc, potassium, phosperous, vitamin K, A and C

59
Q

Benefits of cocoa

A

Reduced inflammation, improved blood flow, improved cholesterol and blood sugar levels, magnesium, iron, fibre

60
Q

Benefits of Kale

A

High amounts of iron, calcium, vitamin K, high fiber, vitamin C, antioxidants

61
Q

Role of additives

A

Keep food fresh or enhance its color, flavor or texture

62
Q

Reactions to food additives

A

Hives or diarrhea, other digestive disorders and respiratory problems such as asthma

63
Q

Why do Australians waste billions of dollars on foods each year?

A
  • Use by and best before dates (foods do not need to be eaten before their best before date)
  • Not uncommon to forget about food stored in the freezer that is often thrown out rather consumed at a later date
  • Shopping when hungry or without a list
  • Buying takeaway meals when there is also food in the house
64
Q

Food and ethical issues

A
  • The treatment of farming land and the people working it
  • The impact of transport, storage and waste impacts on the environment
  • The treatment and housing of livestock for food
65
Q

Steps consumers can take to ensure they are informed and making ethical choices

A
  • Research products of use apps that help with ethical shopping choices
  • Grow as much food as you can
  • Avoid palm oil
  • Consider the amount of packaging when deciding to purchase products
  • Connect with the big companies and provide feedback on their products and services
  • Source meats and vegetables that have been farmed in an ethical, sustainable manner
  • Plan your shopping before going to the shops to avoid impulse buying and food wastage
66
Q

What are “food miles”?

A

To define the distance food travels before it reaches the plate. This concept urges consumers to think about the trail food leaves - in packaging, in transport or pollution..

67
Q

Definition of body image

A
  • Refers to how a person views their physical self
  • Relates to how comfortable someone is within their own skin, how they think and feel about the way they look and how they believe others view them
68
Q

What can body image be influenced by?

A
  • Attitudes and values of those around us, for example, family, friends and peer groups, as well as the views of society and what is shown in the media.
69
Q

Why is a healthy body image important?

A
  • For both physical and mental health
  • Someone with a healthy body image will have` a better attitude towards health and value who they are rather than what they look like
70
Q

What does a person with a negative body image feel?

A
  • They may feel repulsed by their body and be unhappy with who they are.
  • They may feel as though they aren’t good enough because they believe how they look determines their value as a person.
71
Q

Tips to help someone improve their view of their body and create a positive body image

A
  • Choosing to look at media that makes people feel good about themselves and questioning some of the messages that are projected in the media
  • Not comparing oneself to celebrities or images in the media
  • Focusing on positive personal qualities
  • Thinking about talents and skills instead of appearance
  • Finding clothes to feel confident and comfortable wearing
  • Eating healthy foods and exercising to release endorphins
  • Avoiding the judgments of other people’s bodies
  • Be aware that people come in different shapes and sizes
72
Q

How does the media portray the ideal body image?

A
  • In western society, the media portrays attractive males are often strong, ripped and tanned. If they have a low body fat percentage, broad shoulders and a v-shaped torso with a narrow waist.
  • Women are portrayed as tall, thin and beautiful.
  • From an early age, children in western society may connect this appearance with concepts of strength, success, and value.
73
Q

How does the media impact body image?

A
  • Superheroes and toy figurines (e.g. G.I. Joe) are presented with the ‘perfect’ physique
  • The more this image is promoted through the media, the more likely men are to experience pressure to achieve this standard.
  • Airbrushing and steroids are used by models in the media
  • Magazines, advertising, and social media bombard the public with images of ‘perfection’.

pdhpe yearly notes (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions