Nutrition Flashcards
Vitamin K deficiency
Phylloquinone, phtomenadione, phytonadiane
defective blood clotting also could be created by long term use of antibiotics that destroy gut bacteria and halt synthesis
Vitamin K Use
correct bleeding due to vit k deficiency or USED IN WARFARIN OVERDOSE
Vitamin A deficiency
night blindness
eye problems
skin lesions lung gi and bone abnormalities
rarely seen except in 3rd world or pancreatic disease
Vitamin A Use
used for severe acne vulgaris
Vitamin A Adverse Effects
skin, bone, liver, gi problems at doses ocer 30mg
teratogenic category x drug
Vitamin D Deficiency
Used to enhance intestinal abs of ca iron mg phosphate and zinek and is activated by sun and enz conversionin the liver and kidney
Rickets in kids
osteomalacia in adults
Vitamin D adverse effects
excess destroys rneal tissue
causes muslce spasms
skeletal deformities due to alterations in ca metabolism
Vitamin E Deficiency
May be associated with low birth weights or anemia but is rare
Vitamin E adverse effects
Increase risk of death (over 400), inc risk of bruisisg and bleeding (inhibit platelet agg and vitamin k antagonism) headache (could be from hemm stroke) diarrhea fatigue upper lmit at 1000mg per day
Vitamin E uses
Natural antioxidant to reduce cell damage
prophylactic against heart dsease and cancer but may actually inc mortality
used as antioxidant in plastics used in hip and knee rpelacements
Vitamin B1 - alternate name
Thiamine
Vitamin B1 Deficiency
Beriberi (CNS/cardio)
can occur in alchoholics, renal failure, and ifnants from mothers on rice diets
Vitamin B1 Use
used as an adjunct in acuete alc intox to prevent wernicke korsakoff syndrome
Vitamin B2 - alt name
Riboflavin
Vitamin B2 Deficiency
Essential part of FAD and FMN required for many reactions including synth of b6 and other vitamins
skin mucous membranes hematopeoeisis
Vitamin B2 Therapeutic use
none
Vitamin B3 Deficiency
Niacin
Pellagra
Vitamin B3 Use
vonversion from nad and nadh for use in redox reactions
NIACIN
hyperlipoprotenemia
Vitamin B3 Adverse Effects
NIacin
Gi distress flushing and hepatotoxicity
Vitamin B5 Alternate name
Pantothenic acid
Vitamin B5 deficiency
Serves as the acyl group carrier for acetyl coa which is a primary source of carbons in the synth of fatty acids, cholesterol and acetycholine
neuromusc, endocrine, gi and cns
Vitamin B5 use
none
Vitamin B6 alternate name
pyridoxine
Vitamin B6 deficiency
Rare- may lead to skin lesions, gi dysfunction, convulsions, carpa tunnel syndrome
Vitamin B6 use
some drug tratments suggest suppelentation in combination with magnesium (L dopa penicillamine, isoniazid, contraceptives)
Vitamin B12 alternate name
Cobalamin
Vitamin B12 Deficiency
PERNICIOUS ANEMIA
NEUROLOGICAL SYNDROMES
Vitamin B12 use
Pernicious anemia
acute cyanide poisonning
reduce brain atrophy in alzheimers
supplement after gastrectectomy or small intestine disease in strit vegans
Vitamin B12 adverse effects/cautions
deficiency should not be treated with folic acid alone
Vitamin C deficiency
cofactor in enz rection including collagen synth. serves mainly as antiox
scurvy (seen inelderly alcoholics infants from dficient mothers
Vitamin C Use
Exploit antiox properties
use vs common cold
benifit in cancer or heart disease unsure
Vitmin C risk
Use for long perioids can cause kidney stones
