Nutrition

Question 1

Hindus

Answer 1

No beef, vegetarian

Question 2

Kosher

Answer 2

Special food preparation techniques, prohibits intake of pork and shellfish

Question 3

Mormons

Answer 3

No coffee, tea, alcohol, limit meat

Question 4

DETERMINE

Answer 4

Disease 
Eating poorly
Toothloss/mouth pain
Economic hardship
Reduced social contact
Multiple medicines
Involuntary weight loss/ gain
Needed assistance
Elder years above 80

Question 5

Dietary Intake

Answer 5

Food diaries/ calories counts
24 hour recall method
Food frequency record
Diet history

Question 6

Anthropometric

Answer 6

Measurement used to determine body dimensions

Question 7

Dysphagia

Aspiration

Answer 7

Difficult swallow

Question 8

Liquid diets

Answer 8

Parenteral nutrition
Clear liquid -> full liquid -> soft diet -> normal / mordified diet
Gelatin,fat- free broth, bouillon, ice pops, clear juices, carbonated beverages, regular/ decaffeinated coffee, tea

Question 9

Full liquid diet

Answer 9

Milk, milk drinks, puddings, custards, plain frozen desserts, pasteurized eggs, cereal gruels, vegetable juices.

Question 10

Soft diets

Answer 10

Bland- low fiber diets

Cook vegetables/ cooked canned fruit

Question 11

Enteral nutrition

Answer 11

Oral feeding

Question 12

Pureed diet

Answer 12

Blenderized liquid and foods

Broth, gravy, cream soup, cheese, tomato sauce, fruit juice

Question 13

Nasogastric

Answer 13

short term, firm and large, Levin,

Dobbhoff, smaller

Question 14

Carbon dioxide monitoring

Answer 14

Use of capnograph or a colorimetric end-tidal CO2 detector to detect the present of carbon dioxide

Question 15

Long term nutrition support

Answer 15

Percutanenous endoscopic gastrostomy
Gastrostomy or jejunostomy is not easily dislodged
Low profile gastrotomy device LPGD

Question 16

Intestine feeding : continuous

Intermitten feeding: gastric feeding

Answer 16

Cyclic feeding: administering continuous

Question 17

Enteral formula

Answer 17

Molecule of protein, carbonhydrates, fats

Question 18

Hydrolyzed formula

Answer 18

Proteins nutrient in simple form, require little or no digestion

Question 19

Patient safety

Answer 19

Check tube placement
Check residual: 4-6h, high 200-250mL
Flush the feeding tube with water after checking, help prevent tube occlusoons.
Assess abdoment for abnormalities, bowel sounds,
Never give medication when feeding is infused. Flush before and after

Question 20

Central venous access device (TPN)
Total parenteral nutrition
Hyperalimentation
25% glucose

Answer 20

Provide calories, restores nitrogen balance, replace essential fluids, vitamins, electrolytes, minerald and trace elements.
Multilimen, nontunneled
Proteins, carbohydrates and fats, electrolytes, vitamins and trace elements (dextrose,acetate,C,Cl,K,Na)

Question 21

Peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN)

Answer 21

Peripheral vein, isotonic, lesser concentration, low dextrose and amino acids, 10% glucose

Question 22

TPN

Answer 22

Unused portion discarded every 24 hours. Vital signs checked every 4 hours. Blood glucose every 6 hours. Dressing change daily

Question 23

Meal portion

Answer 23

40%-65%carbohydrates
Rich in vitamin A,B and C
fat 20-35%
10-35% protein

Question 24

Mechanical soft diet

Answer 24

Smoother texture, require very litte or no chewing at all

Question 25

Assessing

Answer 25

Blood glucose, pre-albumin, albumin
Urea/creatinine
WBC,hemoglobin

Question 26

Rule of thumb

Answer 26

Lbs x 10 (women) , 11(men)
20% sedentary life
30% light activity
40% moderate activity
50% high activity