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PE Physiology > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

0
Q

What is the spots related role of carbohydrate?

A
  • main energy source
  • used in neatly all physical activity
  • regular intake helps to build up and maintain glycogen stores
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1
Q

What is the sports related role of fat?

A

The preferred energy source during low intensity/aerobic exercise.
Used in conjunction with glycogen

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2
Q

What is the sports related role of protein?

A
  • helps repair and replace muscle tissue

- can provide some energy

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3
Q

Sports related role of water?

A

Helps to prevent dehydration

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4
Q

Sports related role of vitamins?

A

-aids energy release and maintains a health immune system

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5
Q

What is the sports related function of minerals?

A

-essential for muscle contraction, oxygen transport and role in the exchange of nutrients into and out of the muscle cell.

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6
Q

What is the sports related role of dietary fibre?

A
  • Maintains health and vitality.

- maintains blood glucose levels

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7
Q

What are the sources of fat?

A
  • meat
  • dairy
  • olive and sunflower oil
  • avocado
  • nuts
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8
Q

What are the sources of carbohydrates?

A
  • pasta
  • rice
  • bread
  • potatoes
  • fruit
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9
Q

What are the sources of protein?

A
  • meat
  • fish
  • eggs
  • milk
  • cheese
  • nuts
  • pulses
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10
Q

What are the sources of water?

A
  • water drinks
  • foods
  • specialised sports drinks
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11
Q

What are the sources of vitamins?

A
  • fresh fruit & vegetables
  • cereals
  • eggs
  • meat
  • fish
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12
Q

What are the sources of minerals?

A
  • fresh fruit and vegetables
  • cereals
  • eggs
  • meat
  • fish
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13
Q

What are the sources of dietary fibre?

A
  • fresh fruit and vegetables
  • whole grain cereals
  • nuts
  • pulses
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14
Q

What are macronutrients?

A

elements from your diet that provide energy

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15
Q

What are some examples of macronutrients?

A

Fats
Proteins
Carbohydrates

16
Q

Why are they calls macronutrients?

A

Because we need a large amount of these daily

17
Q

What are micronutrients?

A

Elements from your diet that perform a range of metabolic functions within cells

18
Q

Why are they called micronutrients?

A

Because we need these in relatively small amounts

19
Q

What is glycogen?

A

The stored form of carbohydrate in the muscle and liver

20
Q

What is glucose?

A

The sugar molecule which is broken down to release energy for exercise

21
Q

What is adipose tissue?

A

Fat tissue stored beneath the skin and around some vital organs

22
Q

What is Glycaemic index (GI)?

A

A measure of the effect different foods have on your blood glucose level

23
Q

What is cholesterol?

A

A fat like substance that is essential for maintaining health but which cannot be made by the body.
However high concentrations in the blood increase the risk of heart disease

24
Q

What is omega 3 and 6 fatty acids?

A

Fatty acids that are essential for maintaining health

BUT cannot be made in the body

25
Q

Where are omega 3 and 6 fatty acids found?

A

Found in fish oil and linseed oil

26
Q

What are hydrogenated oils and trams fats?

A

-oils that are hydrogenated are transformed from their normal liquid state into solid (eg margarine).
-the unsaturated oil is converted to a saturated fat and its polyunsaturated benefits are removed.
It is formed into a trans fat.
-an excess of trans fats in the diet is thought to raid cholesterol.

27
Q

Where are trans fats found?

A

Processed foods such as biscuits and baked products.

28
Q

What are triglycerides?

A

The form in which most fat is stored in the body

29
Q

What is oxidation?

A

Oxidation of saturated fats provides the body with the energy it needs to function.

30
Q

What is adrenaline?

A

A hormone produced in response to a low blood glucose, exercise and stress

31
Q

What is cortisol?

A

A steroid hormone produced in response to stress

32
Q

What are Free Fatty Acids (FFAs)?

A

The components of fat that are used by the body to provide energy when at rest or during low/ moderate exercise.

33
Q

What is an enzyme?

A

A protein that helps to speed up the rate of chemical reactions in the body.

34
Q

What are amino acids?

A

The main components of protein that ultimately contribute to the growth and repair f the body’s tissues and promote recovery of the body following exercise.

35
Q

What is Adenosine troposphere (ATP)?

A

A high energy compound found in all muscle cells which is broken eon to release energy for all purposes.

36
Q

What is creating phosphate?

A

A compound found in the muscle cell which is broken down by enzymes to quickly replenish ATP stores.

37
Q

What are electrolytes?

A

Substances that help maintain the optimum rate of exchange of nutrients and waste products into and out of the muscle cell.

PE Physiology (1 decks)

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