Nutrition Flashcards
Which has more protein? Legumes or grasses?
Legumes
What happens if hay is stored wet?
It will mold
What is the main energy source of the horse?
Carbohydrates
What is the name for the amount of feed that furnishes just enough of the nutrients required to support a horse, Which is doing no work and yielding no product, so that it will neither gain or lose weight?
Maintenance ration
What two vitamins can not be manufactured in the horses body?
Vitamin A and E
What are the 2 basic types of forages?
Grasses and Legumes
What is the term for a ration that contains all the digestible nutrients that will properly nourish an animal for 24 hours?
Balanced ration
What does TDN stand for?
Total Digestible Nutrients
Digestion begins with prehension or grasping feed with the upper lip. What is the 2nd step?
Mastication or chewing
A healthy horse’s diet should contain what 5 basic nutrients?
Water, protein, vitamins, minerals, energy (carbohydrates and fats)
What term describes something that is pleasant to the taste?
Palatable
What condition causes hay leaves to be lost or shattered?
When hay is raked or baled too dry
Complex compounds that contain nitrogen and are made up of amino acids are called what?
Proteins
What are 4 micro-minerals required by the horse?
Cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, iodine, zinc, selenium
What are often referred to as the “building blocks” of the body?
Amino acids
What nutrient acts as both a lubricant and regulator of body heat?
Water
Where is the major site of fiber digestion in the horse?
Cecum
What are the 2 classes of vitamins?
Water soluble and fat soluble
How long is the horse’s digestive track in feet?
100 feet
What are the 2 basic energy producing nutrients?
Carbohydrates and fats (lipids)
Name the 2 main sources of forages?
Dry forages (hay) and pastures (grass)
What 2 macro-minerals are needed in balanced proportions to ensure proper bone growth, health and strength?
Calcium and phosphorous
Name the 2 major functions of the equine digestive tract.
Digestion and absorption
What type of colic can result from lack of water in the diet?
Impaction colic
Similar to humans horses can taste what for flavors?
Sour, sweet, bitter, salty
Which of the 5 nutrients makes up 1%of the horse dietary needs?
Vitamins
This nutrient is a vital component all diets and should make up 8-15% of the horses ration.
Protein
TDN stands for total digestible nutrients. Name the 3 nutrients that are used in the calculation that determines a feed’s TDN.
Protein, carbohydrates, fats
What is the precursor needed by the horse for the production vitamin A?
Beta-carotene
What trace mineral is deficient if the horse is anemic?
Iron
A deficiency of this micro-mineral causes an affliction known as white muscle disease?
Selenium
What 2 vitamins cannot be manufactured in the horses body?
Vitamin A and E
The small intestine absorbs what type vitamins?
Fat soluble
What is the more common name for absorbic acid?
Vitamin C
Which mineral is found in 60% of the hemoglobin in the red blood cells and20%of the myoglobin in the muscle tissues?
Iron
Liquid can take as little as 15-30 minutes and dry matter may take as long as 12 hours to pass through this organ that makes up about 8%the total digestive tract. Name the organ.
Stomach
Carbohydrates are primarily made up of carbon atoms. Name one of the other atoms they may contain.
Hydrogen or oxygen
What is the job of gastric lipase?
To digest fats
Pepsin is an enzyme in the stomach that works to digest what nutrient?
Protein
What is the plant pigment that is the precursor of vitamin A?
Carotene
What are the fat soluble vitamins?
Vitamins A,E, D and K
The fat soluble vitamins are A, D, E , K. Why are A and E essential in the diet?
They cannot be manufactured the horse’s body
