Nutrition

Question 1

The nurse is assessing an undernourished client. Which manifestation of the integumentary system should the nurse consider an expected finding?

Answer 1

Petechiae, Spoon-shaped nails, and dry brittle hair

Question 2

During a home visit, the nurse is concerned that the family is experiencing food insecurity. Which observation made by the nurse caused this concern?

Answer 2

-the mother is recovering from a second spade of pneumonia within 6 months.
-the children are visibly thin and argue over the food remaining on the serving plate.
-the mother prepares a meal for the children, but claims a lack of appetite to avoid eating.
-the kitchen table cabinets contain a limited amount of food for a family of five.

Question 3

The nurse is demonstrating how to prepare a dinner menu using the My Plate plan. Which food item should the nurse include?

Answer 3

-steamed broccoli
-slices of roast beef
-sliced peaches
-one glass of milk

Question 4

The nurse is planning to teach a class regarding factors that influence food choices. Which factor should the nurse include?

Answer 4

Cost, convenience, availability, and emotion

Question 5

The nurse is caring for a patient newly diagnosed with celiac disease. When developing a teaching plan, which food should the nurse include as one to avoid?

Answer 5

Wheat, Rye, or Barley

Question 6

The nurse concludes that a client is demonstrating cardiovascular manifestations of undernutrituon. Which assessment finding supports this conclusion?

Answer 6

Irregular heartbeat, low blood pressure

Question 7

The nurse is planning to collect anthropometric data from a client who has been evaluated for undernutrition. Which information should the nurse include?

Answer 7

Height, weight, and skinfold thickness.

Question 8

Which laboratory test measures protein levels?

Answer 8

Serum prealbumin, serum albumin

Question 9

A nurse is assessing a client for physical problems that affect food intake. Which factor should the nurse consider?

Answer 9

Trouble swallowing, problems with detention

Question 10

Which is the formula for calculating a clients BMI?

Answer 10

BMI= weight in pounds/ height in inches x height in inches x 703

Question 11

A pregnant client tells the nurse that she has no idea how she is going to provide food for her two preschool - age children in addition to the new baby. Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement?

Answer 11

Recommend WIC program, and provide information about SNAP.

Question 12

The nurse learns that a client follows a vegan diet. Which suggestion should the nurse give the client to ensure an adequate intake of vitamins and minerals?

Answer 12

Add tofu and lentils into diet, increase the intake of citrus fruits, and drink soy milk fortified with vitamin B12.

Question 13

The nurse notices that a client recently lost 10 lbs. which question or statement should the nurse use to learn more about the weight loss?

Answer 13

“Share with me what your daily eating habits look like”
“Tell me about how you do your food shopping”
“I noticed that you have lost weight”

Question 14

Which tool is available to the nurse to assess a client’s eating habits?

Answer 14

-food frequency questionnaire
-food diary
-six-item mini-nutritional assessment

Question 15

Which statement accurately reflects that the client understands how to use the My Plate plan?

Answer 15

“I will eat foods from each of the five food groups at every meal.”

Question 16

The nurse is teaching a client about a newly prescribed iron supplement. Which information should the nurse include?

Answer 16

-explain the need to increase fiber in the diet
-explain how the supplement can cause constipation
-expect the stool to turn black
-remind the client to ingest adequate amounts of fluid each day.

Question 17

Which nursing intervention should be implemented for a client at risk of nutritional imbalances?

Answer 17

Providing nutritional education, and promoting healthy eating habits

Question 18

What is the purpose of parental nutrition?

Answer 18

To provide nutrients when foods cannot be consumed by mouth, and to supply nutrients when needs cannot be met through oral intake.

Question 19

While teaching the client about niacin, the client asks the nurse: “what brand of niacin is best?”

Answer 19

“Let me tell you about the side effects of the various brands.”

Question 20

A client asks the nurse: “Is drinking a protein drink sufficient as a meal?” Which is the nurse’s most appropriate response?

Answer 20

“Tell me more about the protein drink you are using.”

Question 21

A patient reports weakness and weight loss. Which diagnostic test should the nurse expect the healthcare provider to order?

Answer 21

Total protein level

Question 22

The nurse conducts a 24 hour dietary recall to better understand what the patient, who reports constipation is eating and drinking. Which dinner reported by the patient represents foods that may cause constipation?

Answer 22

Steak, French fries, chocolate ice cream

Question 23

Which factor may increase a person’s risk of having nutritional problems?

Answer 23

Genetic predisposition

Question 24

The nurse provided teaching to a patient about dietary changes to treat celiac disease. Which patient statement indicates the teaching has been successful?

Answer 24

“I should avoid foods with wheat, barley, and rye.”

Question 25

A patient who has been taking a megadose of vitamins reports having persistent diarrhea. Which vitamin should the nurse suspect may be the cause?

Answer 25

Vitamin C

Question 26

The nurse is caring for a patient with a nutritional problem. Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement to help maintain fluid and electrolyte balance?

Answer 26

Encourage the patient to drink at least 64 oz. (8-oz glasses) of water per day.

Question 27

A 45 year old patient presents with morbid obesity . Their gait has been disabled for more than 5 years, and since that time the patient has continued to gain weight due to their lack of exercise. Which assessment should the nurse recognize as a starting point to understand the eating pattern of the patient?

Answer 27

Review of a food diary

Question 28

The nurse is caring for a patient who has been prescribed an anorexiant. The patient asks, how will this medication help me? Which statement by the nurse is accurate?

Answer 28

“This medication will suppress your appetite.”

Question 29

A patient tells the nurse, “I don’t eat much. Is there anything I can take to help get the nutrients I need?” Which collaborative intervention should the nurse consider in response to the patient?

Answer 29

Vitamin and mineral supplements

Question 30

A severely malnourished female reports weakness. Which observation should the nurse expect to make during the head to toe assessment?

Answer 30

Muscle wasting

Question 31

What will lessen the chance of a patient having constipation?

Answer 31

Eating more fruits and vegetables

Question 32

A patient is scheduled for a DEXA scan. The patient asks, “Why am I having this scan? Isn’t it used to detect osteoporosis?”

Answer 32

“This scan is also used to measure body composition and body fat.”

Question 33

The nurse has been treating an underweight patient for the past 3 months. The patient demonstrates a weight gain of 1.5kg this past month. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

Answer 33

“Your new meal plan is showing positive results.”

Question 34

Which term is defined as having no consistent access to sufficient nutritious food?

Answer 34

Food insecurity

Question 35

The nurse is obtaining anthropometric measurements on an older adult patient who is wheelchair bound and unable to stand. How should the nurse determine the patient’s height?

Answer 35

Use a knee height caliper.

Question 36

The nurse is conducting a nutritional assessment for a 25 year old patient and notes that the individual appears overweight. Which assessment tool should the nurse use to determine if the patient is overweight?

Answer 36

Body mass index BMI

Question 37

The nurse is completing an assessment of the integumentary system of an overweight female patient. Which assessment should the nurse include?

Answer 37

Skin integrity under the breast and abdominal folds.

Question 38

Which condition specifically can cause low blood oxygen?

Answer 38

Anemia

Question 39

The nurse is teaching a group of mothers at a local community center about childhood nutrition. Which statement about undernutrition in children should the nurse include in the presentation?

Answer 39

Undernutrition can put a child at risk for infections.

Question 40

The nurse suspects that a patient is experiencing neurologic consequences of undernutrition. Which question is most appropriate to ask the patient to confirm the suspicion?

Answer 40

Are you lightheaded or shaky during the day?

Question 41

The nurse determines that a 3 month old baby’s length and body mass index are belie the 5th percentile. Which health problem should the nurse suspect is occurring in this baby?

Answer 41

Failure to thrive

Question 42

The nurse is identifying ways to assist community members with diabetes mellitus on weight management. Which action should the nurse take to assist these members?

Answer 42

Schedule a seminar with a diabetes nurse educator.

Question 43

The nurse is caring for a patient who has been struggling with obesity and wants to lose weight. Which type of pharmacologic intervention should the nurse anticipate the healthcare provider will discuss with the patient?

Answer 43

Anorexiants

Question 44

Which manifestation should the nurse recognize as an expected finding in a patient taking excess vitamin C?

Answer 44

Diarrhea

Question 45

At a routine visit, a patient struggling with weight loss tells the nurse he started to walk a mile each day. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

Answer 45

That will not only help you lose weight, but will also improve your cardiovascular health.

Question 46

The nurse should recognize that undernutrition can affect a child in which way?

Answer 46

Decreases immune response

Question 47

The nurse provided teaching to an underweight patient about a new meal plan. Which observation by the nurse indicates that the teaching has been effective?

Answer 47

Weight gain of 2.3kg in 1 month.

Question 48

The nurse provided teaching to a patient about lifestyle adjustments to improve nutrition and protect cardiovascular functioning. Which patient statement demonstrates that learning occurred?

Answer 48

I will start walking every day,

Question 49

The nurse is teaching a small group of patients about using over the counter vitamins and supplements. Which is the most important factor that the nurse should share during the training?

Answer 49

It is important to take supplements as recommended on the label.

Question 50

An underweight teenage patient reports a lack of ability to concentrate and tremors during the school day. Which body system should the nurse suspect is being affected?

Answer 50

Neurologic

Question 51

The nurse is assessing a 1 year old child who weighs 24 pounds and was 8 pounds at birth. The mother tells the nurse. “My baby has gained weight and needs to be on a diet.” How should the nurse respond?

Answer 51

“Your child is at an ideal weight. There is no need for a diet.”