Nutrition Flashcards
Alimentary canal
The digestive tract runs from the mouth to the anus.
Amylase
An enzyme produced in the salivary glands and pancreas that breaks down starch into maltose
Bile
A green, watery fluid made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder that is used to neutralise stomach acid in the duodenum and emulsify fats
Colon
The first part of the large intestine where water is reabsorbed
Duodenum
The first section of the small intestine where digestive enzymes and bile are added to the ingested food
Ileum
The second section of the small intestine where the products of digestion are
absorbed
Lipase
An enzyme produced in the pancreas that breaks down lipids into fatty acids and
glycerol
Maltase
An enzyme produced in the small intestine that breaks down maltose into glucose
Oesophagus
A muscular tube that takes food from the mouth to the stomach
Palisade mesophyll
A tissue found in plant leaves that is specialised to carry out
photosynthesis
Pancreas
An organ that produces digestive enzymes and releases them into the small
intestine
Peristalsis
The ‘squeezing’ movement of muscles that pushes the bolus of food along the
digestive tract.
Photosynthesis
An endothermic reaction in which energy is transferred from the environment to the chloroplasts by light
Protease
An enzyme produced in the stomach and pancreas that breaks down proteins
into amino acids
Rectum
Part of the large intestine where faeces is stored
