Nutrition Flashcards
What does Vitamin A deficiency cause?
Colour blindness
What does Vitamin A excess cause?
Exfoliation Hepatitis
How can you test for Vitamin A levles?
Serum
Virtually never done olnly (e.g. colour blindeness bariatric surgery)
What does Vitamin D deficiency cause?
Osteomalacia/Rickets
What does Vitamin D excess cause?
Hypercalcaemia
Wht does vitamin E deficiency cause?
Anaemia
neuropathy
? malignancy
IHD
Very rare
How can you test for Vitamin E levles?
Serum
What does vitamin K deficeincy cause?
Clotting defiency
What test do you do to determine Vitamin K deficiency?
Clotting (PTT)
What does Vitamin B1 deficiency cause?
Thiamine
Beri-Beri (Wet + Dry)
Wernicke syndrome
Wernicke: ataxia, occular muslce abnormalities
What does Vitamin B2 defienency cause?
Glossitis
What does Vitamin B6 defienency and excess cause?
Pyridoxine
Deficiency
Dermatitis/anaemia
Excess
Neuropathy
What does Vitamin C defienency cause?
Scurvy
What does Niacin deficiency cause?
Pellagra
Dermatitis
Diarrhoea
Dementia
Death
Very rare
What does a Zink deficiency cause?
Dermatitis
Probably more common than thought
What does copper deficiency cause?
anaemia
What does Foluride deficiency and excess cause?
Deficeincy: dental caries
Excess :Flourosis
What vitamin deficiency is associated with Crohn’s disease?
Crohn’s
o Terminal ileal disease can lead to B12 deficiency and fat-soluble vitamins (ADEK)
deficiency
o Folate deficiency can be present in patients on methotrexate therapy
o Calcium, phosphate, magnesium and zinc can be deranged if there is high
output/chronic diarrhoea
What are common vitamin/ trace deficeincies in Coeliac’s disease?
- Iron deficiency
- Vitamins ADEK, thiamine, Vitamin B6
What nutritional defieencies are associated with chronic liver disease?
Chronic liver disease
o Vitamins ADEK, B12, Selenium, Magnesium, Zinc, folate
What nutritional deficiency is associated with Chronic Kidnes disease?
Protein energy wasting syndrome
What nutritional deficiency is associated with pancreatic insufficiency?
Fat-soluble vitamins (EDKA)
What are medical treatments available for obesity?
- exclude endocrine cause
- exclude complications of obesity
- educate
- diet and exercise
- Medical therapy (e.g. orlistat (5% weight) , GLP-1 agonist 8-10%)
- Surgical therapy (Bariatric surgery 20-30% weight loss)
What is Maramus?
General lack of nutrition (all macronutrients)
* shrivelled
* growth retardation
* severe muscle wasting
* no s/c fat
What is kwashikor?
Lack of protein energy causing oedema
More commoin in times of famine
