Nutrition

Question 1

nutrition

Answer 1

study of what people eat, eating habits, and effects on body

Question 2

nutrients

Answer 2

chemical substances found in food that provide your body with energy

Question 3

calorie

Answer 3

measures energy value in food

Question 4

6 major nutrients

Answer 4

minerals
fats
vitamins
proteins
carbs
water

Question 5

proteins

Answer 5

helps body build and repair bodily tissue

Question 6

amino acids

Answer 6

building blocks of proteins

Question 7

how many amino acids does the body need?

Answer 7

20

Question 8

how many amino acids does the body produce?

Answer 8

11

Question 9

how many amino acids do you need to get from your diet?

Answer 9

9

Question 10

complete proteins

Answer 10

contains all 9 essential amino acids
ex. meat, fish, eggs, poultry

Question 11

incomplete proteins

Answer 11

contains less than the 9 amino acids
ex. grains, beans, nuts, seeds

Question 12

what contains all 9 essential amino acids?

Answer 12

soybean

Question 13

fats

Answer 13

helps body store and use vitamins
-maintain body heat
-maintain energy reserve
-cushions internal organs

Question 14

saturated fats

Answer 14

comes from animal origin
ex. coconut oil, cheese, red meat

Question 15

unsaturated fats

Answer 15

comes from plants and fish

Question 16

monounsaturated

Answer 16

comes from olive oil

Question 17

polyunsaturated

Answer 17

comes from corn oil

Question 18

lipids

Answer 18

fats that don’t dissolve in water

Question 19

carbohydrates

Answer 19

body’s main source of energy

Question 20

simple carb

Answer 20

sugars
breaks down quickly
short term energy

Question 21

complex carb

Answer 21

starches
stores bodily food
long lasting energy

Question 22

fiber

Answer 22

indigestible carb
assists with digestion

Question 23

vitamins

Answer 23

helps body use proteins, fats, and carbs

Question 24

water soluble vitamins

Answer 24

breaks down quickly
ex. C. B complex

Question 25

fat soluble vitamins

Answer 25

stored in fatty layer of skin, released to body when necessary ex. A, D, E, K

Question 26

mega dosing

Answer 26

unnecessary vitamins not needed in the body

Question 27

minerals

Answer 27

elements found in the earth that regulate chemical reactions in the body

Question 28

macrominerals

Answer 28

necessary to have 100mg+ daily ex. sodium, calcium

Question 29

trace minerals

Answer 29

necessary in small amounts ex. iron, zinc

Question 30

anemia

Answer 30

low iron levels

Question 31

osteoporosis

Answer 31

lack of calcium

Question 32

electrolytes

Answer 32

minerals that carry an electrical charge maintain proper balance in body fluid

Question 33

water

Answer 33

regulates body temp assists waste removal cushions spine and joins 60-70% of body mass

Question 34

dehydration

Answer 34

water levels have fallen to dangerously low levels

Question 35

how much water are you supposed to drink in a day?

Answer 35

1/2 body weight in oz

Question 36

where can you get water from?

Answer 36

fruits vegetables juice food

Question 37

how long can a person live without water?

Answer 37

3-4 days

Question 38

one thing you CAN'T substitute water for

Answer 38

pop

Question 39

diuretic

Answer 39

pill that increases urine output

Question 40

empty calorie food

Answer 40

foods that are high in calories, low in nutrients

Question 41

recommended diet

Answer 41

60% carbs 30% fats 10% protien

Question 42

digestion

Answer 42

chemical process that breaks down food removes nutrients eliminates waste

Question 43

teeth

Answer 43

breaks down food

Question 44

tounge

Answer 44

helps mix enzymes and food pushes food to pharynx (back of throat)

Question 45

molars

Answer 45

rounded tips grinds food

Question 46

canines

Answer 46

fang-shaped rips food

Question 47

incisors

Answer 47

chisel-shaped cuts food

Question 48

salivary glands

Answer 48

makes food wet by releasing enzymes

Question 49

amylase

Answer 49

main enzyme in saliva

Question 50

3 salivary glands

Answer 50

parotid sublingual submandibular

Question 51

bolus

Answer 51

what gets formed prior to swallowing

Question 52

swallow/peristalsis

Answer 52

involuntary muscles that move food down the esophagus

Question 53

cardioesophagal sphincter

Answer 53

entrance into the stomach

Question 54

stomach

Answer 54

temporary storage area

Question 55

pyloric sphincter

Answer 55

exit out of the stomach

Question 56

chyme

Answer 56

changes food into thick, white paste

Question 57

small intestine

Answer 57

bodies main digestive organ

Question 58

villi

Answer 58

finger-like structures on the inside of the small intestine removes food through small intestine removes nutrients

Question 59

duodenum

Answer 59

top portion of the small intestine

Question 60

jejunum

Answer 60

middle section of the small intestine

Question 61

ileum

Answer 61

bottom section of the small intestine

Question 62

liver

Answer 62

releases bile

Question 63

pancreas

Answer 63

releases enzymes

Question 64

gallbladder

Answer 64

absorbs excess fatty food sends enzymes into the small intestine

Question 65

large intestine/colon

Answer 65

absorbs food

Question 66

feces

Answer 66

solid waste

Question 67

rectum

Answer 67

stores feces

Question 68

anal canal

Answer 68

passage from the rectum to the anus

Question 69

anus

Answer 69

exterior opening