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ILOs For Nutrition, Bodyweight And > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

3 Components of Daily Energy Expenditure

A

BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)
Energy for voluntary actions
Energy needed to process food (Diet-Induced Thermogenesis)

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2
Q

70kg Daily Energy Expenditure

A

About 12,000Kj

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3
Q

58kg woman daily energy expenditure

A

9,500Kj

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4
Q

Essential Dietary Components

A

Carbs (Energy store)
Lipids (High density energy store, needed to absorb fat soluble molecules)
Proteins (Supply amino acids that can’t be made)
Vitamins (water soluble/fat soluble)
Minerals
Fibre (Needed for healthy GI/normal bowel function) Bacteria breakdown fibre releasing energy which is used by bowel cells
Water

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5
Q

BMR contributor %s

A

Skeletal Muscle = 30%
CNS = 20%
Liver = 20%
Heart = 10%

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6
Q

BMR =

A

Body weight (Kg) x 100

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7
Q

9 Essential Amino Acids
Can’t be synthesised (diet only)

A

If. Isoleucine
Learnt Lysine
This. Threonine
Huge. Histidine
List. Leucine
May. Methionine
Prove. Phenlyalanine
Truly Tryptophan
Valueable. Valine

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8
Q

BMI =

A

Weight(kg) / height squared

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9
Q

Kwashiorkor

A

Protein low with carbs, causes oedema, albumin can’t be made, oncotic pressure is low, so water retained in tissues

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10
Q

Marasmus

A

Protein-energy malnutrition, muscle wastage/emaciation

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11
Q

Refeeding syndrome

A

When carbs and protein are reintroduced to a starved patient to quickly. Influx of glucose causes lots of insulin to be made. Causes lots of glycogen, protein and lipids to be synthesised. This uses ions like magnesium, phosphates and potassium leading to further depletion of these electrolytes.

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12
Q

Cell metabolism definition

A

The highly integrated network of chemical reactions that occur within cells

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13
Q

BMI < 18.5

A

Underweight

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14
Q

BMI 18.5 - 24.9

A

Desirable weight

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15
Q

BMI 25-29.9

A

Overweight

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16
Q

BMI 30-34.9

A

Obese

17
Q

BMI > 35

A

Severely Obese

18
Q

Body weight depends on

A

Balance between energy intake and energy expenditure
Also other factors like, genetics, drug therapy and endocrine disorders

19
Q

Catabolism

A

Is oxidative,releases lots of free energy, involves breakdown of larger molecules into smaller intermediate molecules

20
Q

Anabolism

A

Is reductive, uses free energy to build larger molecules from smaller intermediates, these reactions obtain the energy and intermediates from catabolic reactions

21
Q

Functions of cell metabolism

A

Energy for cell function and synthesis of cell components
Needed for cell growth, maintenance, repair and division
Produce bio synthetic reducing power

22
Q

Cells need constant energy supply

A

So the metabolic reactions to maintain the cell can occur

23
Q

Something is oxidised when

A

Hydrogen is removed, oxygen is added or electrons are removed (OIL)

24
Q

Reduction

A

Hydrogen is added, electrons are accepted or oxygen is removed

25
Q

3 Major Carrier Moleculees have reducing power

A

NAD+
NADP+
FAD

26
Q

The carriers supplied in diet

A

From vitamins

27
Q

NADH and FADH2 formed in catabolism

A

They get oxidised which leads to reduction of O2 to water releasing free energy which is set to drive ATP Synthesis

28
Q

Free energy (Delta G)

A

The energy available to do work

29
Q

ATP role

A

ATP is a carrier of free energy not a store

30
Q

When fuels are oxidised during catabolism,the free Energy released is used to phosphorylase ADP to form ATP

A

Energy released when phosphate group removed by hydrolysis (High energy of hydrolysis bond)

31
Q

High energy signals

A

ATP, NADH, NADPH and FADH2 are high energy signals, when levels are high anabolic reactions are stimulated

32
Q

Low energy signals

A

ADP, AMP, NAD+, NADP+ and FAD when levels of these are high catabolic reactions are stimulated to counteract the low levels of ATP

33
Q

Creatine + ATP <———> Creatine Phosphate +ADP + Pi

Enzyme is Creatine Kinase

A

Creatine Phosphate is a store of energy in the muscle cells

34
Q

Creatinine has no function

A

IS excreted and is an indicator of skeletal muscle mass

ILOs For Nutrition, Bodyweight And (2 decks)

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