Nutrition Flashcards
6 nutrient essentials
- water
- energy
- protein (amino acid)
- minerals
- vitamins
- essential fatty acids
Water functions
- cell turgor
- transport of nutrients
- chemical reactions
- temperature regulations
- milk production
What provides water ?
- food
- metabolic water
- drinking water
what are proteins?
- Polymers of amino acids
- extremely diverse on terms of function
for a 40kg lamb how much is grown as day, how much is muscle tissue and how much protein?
- 250g/day
- 18kg muscle
- 3.6 kg protein
For dairy cow producing 50kg milk a day how much of milk is protein,
3.3% protein therefore 1.65kg protein a day
3 main functions of minerals
- structural activity
- catalytic activity
- electrolytes and buffering
2 classifications of minerals
major( g/kg DM) and minor ( mg/kg DM)
Criteria for essentiality
- present in healthy tissue of living matter
- constant conc in tissue and fluids between animals
- withdrawal produces similar physiological and structural abnormalities regardless of species
- abnormalities are accompanies by specifies biochemicals changes
- addition of physiological amounts of the mineral will prevent or reverse the normalities associted with its withdrawal.
major minerals in animal nutrition’s
- calcium
- phosphorus
- magnesium
- sodium
- chlorine
- potassium
- sulphur
trace minerals in animals nutrition
- cobalt
- copper
- iodine
- iron
- manganese
- selenium
- zinc
additional trace elements in nutrients
- chromium
- molybdenum
- aluminum
- arsenic
- boron
- fluorine
- nickel
- tin
- vanadium
fat soluble vitamins
- Vit A
- Vit D
- Vit E
- Vit K
water soluble vitamins
- thiamin
- riboflavin
- niacin
- Vit B6
- Pantothenic acid
- Biotin
- Folicin
- Vit B2
- Choline
- Vit C
most unstable Vits and why
- Vit E destroyed by exposure to heat and light
2 essential fatty acids
n-6 starts with linoleic acid (C18:2)
n-3 starts with a-linoelic acid (C18:3)
requirements of energy metabolism
formation of:
- proteins (peptide bond formation)
- triglycerid
- glycogen
muscle contraction
transmisson of nerve impulse, absorption of nutrients, sight
sources of energy metabolism
- sugars (monosaccharides)
- fats ( trigylcerides)
- proteins/ amino acids
- volatilde fatty acids
