nutrients test Flashcards
name the 6 major nutrients
carbohydrates
protein
fats
water
vitamins
minerals
how much energy do carbs provide
Carbohydrates 16 Kj/g
how much energy does protein provide
Protein 17 Kj/g
how much energy do fats provide
Fats 37 Kj/g
carbohydrates functions
provides the body with energy
carbohydrates types
starch, sugar, fibre
fibre
makes us feel full, slows the rate of digestion
glycaemic index
The Glycaemic Index ranks carbohydrates according to their effect on our blood glucose levels.
low gi definition
foods will take long time to break down and distribute energy more evenly
high gi definition
blood sugar will rise higher after eating, sugar high and then drop
protein function
needed for growth of cells and bones
how many amino acids do proteins have ?
9
complete protein
includes all amino acids in the food
lipids functions
provide energy, make food more appetising
incomplete protein
does not include all amino acids in the food
lipids are found in
fish, meat, dairy, coconut, oil
what are the 3 fats
unsaturated fats
saturated fats
trans fats
vitamins functions
needned for health and growth
what are the two types of vitamins
fat soluble
water soluble
fat soluble
dissolves in fat, excess will be stored in body
water soluble
dissolves in water so excess is excreted
3 minerals include
calcium
iron
folate
calcium functions
needed for strong bones and teeth
iron functions
carry oxygen, help create red blood cells
