Nutrients and Clinical Significance in 1-3, 1-4, and 1-5 (incomplete) Flashcards
Sources of Vitamin C
Citrus fruits Dark green vegetables Tomatoes Strawberries Peppers Cantaloupes
Sources of Vitamin B1 (Thiamin)
Pork Enriched grains Legumes Nuts Dried beans
Sources of Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
Milk Milk products Liver Eggs Shellfish Almonds
Sources of Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
Meat Poultry Fish Green leafy vegetables Bananas Whole grains Legumes Nuts Fruits
Sources of Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)
Fish Meat Poultry Milk Eggs Fortified cereals
Sources of Folic Acid
Green leafy vegetables Legumes Broccoli Asparagus Nuts Fortified cereals
Sources of Biotin
Liver
Organs
Sources of Niacin (B3)
Meat Liver Poultry Fish Peanuts Grains
Sources of Vitamin A
Fortified milk
Liver
Green leafy vegetables
Orange and yellow fruits and vegetables
Sources of Vitamin D
Fish liver oils Fish Fortified milk Milk products Egg yolk Fortified cereals
Sources of Vitamin E
Nuts
Seeds
Whole grains
Polyunsaturated oil
Sources of Vitamin K
Green leafy vegetables
Broccoli
Eggs
Beef
Vitamins that release energy
Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) Niacin (B3) Biotin Pantothenic acid
Vitamins that aid in enzyme function
Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) Niacin (B3)
Vitamins that are antioxidants
Vitamin A
Vitamin C
Vitamin E
Vitamins that are good for the blood
Vitamin K
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)
Folic acid
Vitamin that aid in eyesight
Vitamin A
Vitamins that are good for the bones
Vitamin D
Vitamin K
Beri-beri is caused by a deficiency in what vitamin?
Thiamin (B1)
Cheilosis is caused by a deficiency in what vitamin?
Riboflavin (B2)
Pellagra is caused by a deficiency in what vitamin?
Niacin (B3)
Scurvy is caused by a deficiency in what vitamin?
Vitamin C
Microcytic anemia is caused by a deficiency in what vitamin?
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
Pernicious anemia is caused by a deficiency in what vitamin?
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)
Dermatosis and Keratomalacia are caused by a deficiency in what vitamin?
Vitamin A
Rickets is caused by a deficiency in what vitamin?
Vitamin D
RBC Hemolysis is caused by a deficiency in what vitamin?
Vitamin E
Hemorrhagic disease is caused by a deficiency in what vitamin?
Vitamin K
What prevents the destruction of Vitamin E in the intestines?
Vitamin A
What helps folate build proteins?
Vitamin D
What helps niacin (B3), pantothenic acid, and magnesium in producing enzymes?
Vitamin B1 (Thiamin)
Vitamin A prevents the destruction of what in the intestines?
Vitamin E
Vitamin D helps what to build proteins?
Folate
Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) helps what vitamins in producing digestve enzymes?
Niacin (B3)
Pantothenic acid
Magnesium
Minerals found in meat
Phosphorus Sulfur Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Chlorine Cobalt Gelenium
Minerals found in seafood
Sulfur Zinc Iodine Cobalt Gelenium
Mineral found in milk
Calcium
Minerals found in liver
Iron
Copper
Minerals found in PDTS
Calcium
Phosphorus
Minerals found in green leafy vegetables
Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Chlorine
Iron
Minerals found in chocolate
Copper
Minerals found in condiments
Sulfur
Minerals found in fruits
Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Chlorine
Minerals found in seaweed
Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Chlorine
Minerals found in mineral water
Fluorine
Sources of Calcium
Bones
Milk
PDTS
Sources of Phosphorus
Meat
PDTS
Sources of Sulfur
Meat
Seafood
Condiments
Sources of Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Chlorine
Fruit
Green leafy vegetables
Meat
Seaweed
Sources of Iron
Green leafy vegetables Lean meat Beans Shellfish Whole grain bread
Sources of Zinc
Oyster
Seafood
Sources of Iodine
Seafood
Sources of Copper
Chocolate
Liver
Sources of Cobalt
Seafood
Meat
Sources of Fluorine
Mineral water
Sources of Gelenium
Seafood
Meat
Anemia is caused by a deficiency in what mineral?
Iron
Cretinism is caused by a deficiency in what mineral?
Iodine
Impaired immunity is caused by a deficiency in what mineral?
Zinc
Dental caries is caused by a deficiency in what mineral?
Fluorine
Osteoporosis is caused by a deficiency in what mineral?
Calcium
Examples of phytochemicals
Flavonoids
Carotenoids
Isoflavones
Flavonoids and carotenoids are under what type of nonnutrient?
Phytochemicals
Kinds of nonnutrients
Phytochemicals Mutagens Additives Inorganic contaminants Nutrient inhibitors
Two examples of mutagens
Benzopyrene from broiled foods
Nitrosamine from nitrite treated foods
Examples of inorganic contaminants
Heavy metals such as:
Cadmium
Lead
Mercury
Examples of nutrient inhibitors
Oxalates
Phythates
Goitrogens
Arrange nutrients from the most easily used up to the one with longest storage
Amino acid Carbohydrate Fat Thiamine (B1) Riboflavin (B2) Niacin (B3) Ascorbic acid Vitamin A Iron (it depends because of menstruation) Iodine Calcium Water
Nutritional inadequacy associated to malnutrition signs in hair
Protein
Biotin
Zinc
Vitamin C
Nutritional inadequacy associated to malnutrition signs in face
Protein
Vitamin B
Nutritional inadequacy associated to malnutrition signs in eyes
Vitamin A
Iron
Nutritional inadequacy associated to malnutrition signs in lips
Vitamin B
Iron
Nutritional inadequacy associated to malnutrition signs in tongue
Vitamin B
Iron
Nutritional inadequacy associated to malnutrition signs in teeth
Fluoride
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Calcium
Nutritional inadequacy associated to malnutrition signs in gums
Vitamin C
Vitamin A
Nutritional inadequacy associated to malnutrition signs in glands
Iodine
Protein
Nutritional inadequacy associated to malnutrition signs in muscular and skeletal system
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Protein
Calcium
Nutritional inadequacy associated to malnutrition signs in nails
Iron
Protein
Nutritional inadequacy associated to malnutrition signs in skin
Vitamin A Vitamin B Vitamin C Vitamin K Zinc Protein Biotin Essential fatty acid
Nutritional inadequacy associated to malnutrition signs in abdomen
Protein
Nutritional inadequacy associated to malnutrition signs in lower extremeties
Thiamin (B1)
Vitamin E
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)
Protein
Nutrient associated with compromised antibacterial properties of saliva
Protein
Nutrient associated with impaired response to infection
Protein
Nutrient associated with lag period in irritation of wound healing
Protein
Nutrient associated with decrease collagen synthesis
Protein
Nutrient associated with decrease epithelialization infections
Vitamin A
Nutrient associated with decreased neutrophil function
Vitamin C
Nutrient associated with breakdown of mucosal barrier
Vitamin C
Nutrient associated with decreased collagen synthesis
Vitamin C
Nutrient associated with impaired absorption of calcium
Vitamin D
Nutrient associated with decreased bone density and strength
Vitamin K
Nutrient associated with decreased immune response
Vitamin E
Nutrient associated with decreased neutrophil phagocytotic activity
Iron
Nutrient associated with inadequate formation of peak bone mass (osteoporosis)
Calcium
Nutrient associated with susceptibility to infection
Zinc
Nutrient associated with decrease in protein synthesis
Zinc
Groups at risk of inadequate intake of Protein
Diabetes Mellitus
Advanced cancer
Chronic poor nutrient intakes
Groups at risk of inadequate intake of Protein
GI malabsorption conditions
Groups at risk of inadequate intake of Vitamin C
Smokers
Substance abusers
Avoiding fruits and vegetables
Chronic diseases
Groups at risk of inadequate intake of Vitamin D
Little sun exposure
Groups at risk of inadequate intake of Vitamin K
Anticoagulant therapy
Groups at risk of inadequate intake of Vitamin E
Malabsorption
Groups at risk of inadequate intake of Iron
Young children
Women of childbearing age
Groups at risk of inadequate intake of Calcium
Young women
Postmenopausal women
Groups at risk of inadequate intake of Zinc
Elderly
Alcoholism
Differentiate scorbutic rosary from rachitic rosary
Scorbutic rosary: Vitamin C deficiency
Rachitic rosary: Vitamin D deficiency
Burning sensation in the mouth
Vitamin B
Iron
Trouble with swallowing
Vitamin B
Swollen tongue
Vitamin B
Iron
Pallor of inner cheeks; anemia
Vitamin B
Numbness or tingling sensation
Vitamin B
Neural tube defects
Vitamin B
Angular cheilitis
Vitamin B
Recurrent aphtous stomatitis
Vitamin B
Chronic oral mucosal candidasis
Vitamin B
Atrophic glossitis
Vitamin B
Gums that bleed easily
Vitamin C
Fatigue
Vitamin C
Easy bruising
Vitamin C
Vitamin K
Delayed healing in the mouth
Vitamin A
Vitamin K
Brittle bones
Vitamin D
Risk of jaw fracture and periodontal disease
Vitamin D
Early deficiency could affect formation of teeth
Vitamin D
Excessive bleeding after tooth extraction
Vitamin K
Sores and pale tissue in the mouth
Iron
Fungal infections in the mouth
Iron