Nutrients Flashcards
What are the three macronutrients?
Protein, fat and carbohydrates
What is protein made from?
Amino acids
What are the three main functions of protein?
Growth, repair and maintenance
What are the two biological values of protein?
HBV-high biological value, all essential amino acids
LBV- low biological value, only some essential amino acids
What is protein complementation?
Where you have two LBV proteins in one meal in order to get all the essential amino acids e.g. beans in toast
How many essential amino acids do you need for adults and children?
8 for adults and 10 for children
What is fat made of?
3 fatty acids and glycerol
What are the two types of fat?
Saturated and unsaturated
Functions of fat in the body?
Insulate the body, protect bones and organs, provide fat soluble vitamins A, D,E and K, and a store of energy.
What is the name for a fat molecule?
Triglyceride
What are the main functions of carbohydrates?
Main source of energy
Help get rid of waste products (dietary fibre)
What are the two types of carbohydrates
Simple sugars and complex
Simple sugars
Taste sweet
What are the two types of simple carbohydrates?
Monosaccharides - one sugar molecule
Disacarides - two sugar molecules
What are the type of complex carbohydrates?
Polysaccarides
