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Integumentary > Nutrients > Flashcards

Nutrients Flashcards

1
Q

Required Water Intake

A

30-35 mL water/kg BW daily

  1. 7-3.7L/day average
  2. 5L/day minimum
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2
Q

Amount of body weight loss to be considered dehydrated

A

1%

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3
Q

Additional amount of fluid needed for patients on air-fluidized beds

A

40-60mL

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4
Q

Protein required for:

A 
collagen synthesis
granulation tissue formation
angiogenesis
remodeling
immune function
osmotic pressure regulation to decrease incidence of edema
tissue repair
infection fighting
stage III and IV ulcers
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5
Q

Amount of protein needed daily

A

1.25-1.5g of protein/kg BW daily

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6
Q

Protein is made of __% of oxygen or nitrogen

A

16% nitrogen, need positive nitrogen balance to enhance wound healing

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7
Q

_____: protein deficiency though deprivation or impaired absorption, significant weight loss, caused by CA & COPD

a. Marasmus
b. Kwashiorkor
c. Marasmus Kwashiorkor

A

a. Marasmus

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8
Q

____: decreased albumin causes swelling, spares muscle, decreased immunity, infection, skin breakdown and pressure ulcers common

a. Marasmus
b. Kwashiorkor
c. Marasmus Kwashiorkor

A

b. kwashiorkor

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9
Q

____:protein deficiency though deprivation or impaired absorption, significant weight loss, caused by CA & COPD, decreased albumin causes swelling, spares muscle, decreased immunity, infection, skin breakdown and pressure ulcers common

a. Marasmus
b. Kwashiorkor
c. Marasmus Kwashiorkor

A

c. Marasmus Kwashiorkor- combined- high risk of mortality & morbidity

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10
Q

This amino acid is most abundant (20%) fuel source for small cells, primary fuel source for lymphocyte proliferation, precursor for nucleotide production in fibroblasts and macrophages, stimulates inflammatory response in wound healing, levels fall in plasma and muscle after trauma

A

Glutamine

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11
Q

This amino acid is a semi-essential amino acid, decreased production in times of stress and injury, primary component in wound healing, increases collagen deposition, fibroblastic activity, and immune function

A

Arginine

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12
Q

This amino acid helps support immune function, helps decrease muscle breakdown, need to give with arginine & glutamine

A

Hydroxy-methylbutyrate (HMB)

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13
Q

____ :primarily in the form of glucose, provides energy for tissue and repair, protein sparing effect

a. albumin
b. carbs
c. amino acids
d. fats

A

b. carbs

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14
Q

Amount of carbs required daily:

A

30-35 kcal/kg BW daily

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15
Q

___ provides needed energy when carbs have been depleted

A

Fats

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16
Q

___ assists in thermoregulation

A

Fats

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17
Q

Free fatty acids are vital components of the ____ and are required for synthesis of new cells

a. epidermis
b. dermis
c. cell membrane

A

cell membranes

18
Q

Percent of total fat calories

A

20-30%

19
Q

Which vitamins are fat soluble: options are A, E, K C, B

A

EAK your fat!

20
Q

Which vitamins are water soluble: A, E, K, C, B

A

C, B

21
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Vitamins can accumulate within the body and become toxic

A

True

22
Q

What medications can be inhibited by Vitamin A supplements?

a. corticosteroids
b. CCB
c. Anti-arrhythmic drugs
d. Anti-depressants

A

Corticosteroids and anti-inflammatory. Vitmain A is proflammatory

23
Q

Vitamin A (retinol) is primarily necessary for what?

A

Maintaining healthy skin and mucous membranes, repair of skin and strengthening it, and inflammation .

24
Q

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is essential for:

a. collagen synthesis
b. iron absorption
c. infection control
d. wound healing in malnourshed patients
e. all of the above
f. none of the above

A

e.

25
Q

Vitamin C RDA is :

A

60 mg/day

26
Q

Vitamin K is essential for:

a. wound healing
b. iron absorption
c. blood clotting

A

c. blood clotting

27
Q

What medication should you not supplement Vitamin K with?

a. Diruretics
b. Anti-Inflammatory
c. Anti-coagulation

A

c. Anticoagulation-

Coumadin

28
Q

B- complex vitamins are required for:

a. immune function
b. inflammation
c. chemotaxis

A

a. immune function and energy metabolism

Fatigue and depression are signs of deficiency

29
Q

Vitamin B6 recommendation:

A

.4mg, for protein and hemoglobin synthesis

30
Q

Vitamin B12 recommendation:

A

2mg, prevents anemia

31
Q

Vitamin E does the opposite actions of what other vitamin?

A

Vitamin A

Vitamin E is anti-inflammatory and increases immune function. Too much can weaken the wound

32
Q

Microminerals include which of the following:

iron, calcium, phosphorous, zinc, copper, selenium, copper, magnesium

A

iron, zinc, copper, magnesium

33
Q

Macrominerals include which of the following:

iron, calcium, phosphorous, zinc, copper, selenium, copper, magnesium

A

Calcium
Phosphorous
Selenium

34
Q

20% of the body’s zinc stores lie where?

A

Skin

35
Q

Zinc is essential for:

a. collagen and protein synthesis
b. inflammation
c. coagulation
d. immune function
e. both a and d

A

a. collagen and protein synthesis

d. immune function

36
Q

Iron is a component of:

a. hematocrit
b. hemoglobin
c. calcium

A

b. hemoglobin

37
Q

Iron is required for:

a. antibody production
b. collagen and DNA synthesis
c. RBC formation
d. O2 transport
e. a and b
f. all of the above

A

f. all of the above

38
Q

Copper is required for:

a. antibody production
b. hemoglobin synthesis and iron absorption/transport
c. RBC formation
d. O2 transport
e. b and c
f. all of the above

A

e. b and c

Also aids in collagen formation

39
Q

Reccomended copper dosage:

A

1.5-3mg

40
Q

Magnesium is important for:

a. bone/protein synthesis
b. hemoglobin synthesis and iron absorption/transport
c. RBC formation
d. O2 transport
e. b and c
f. all of the above

A

a

inadequate stores lead to HTN and vasoconstriction

41
Q

Calcium is important for:

a. antibody production
b. hemoglobin synthesis and iron absorption/transport
c. bone formation, remodeling
d. blood clotting
e. c and d
f. all of the above

A

e

also for mm contraction, a neurotransmitter, and fibrin synthesis

42
Q

Phosphorus is important for:

a. normal metabolism
b. hemoglobin synthesis and iron absorption/transport
c. RBC formation
d. bone formation
e. a and d
f. all of the above

A

e

Integumentary (1 decks)

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