Nutrients Flashcards
What is nutrition
The study of nutrients and their relationship with food and living things
What are nutrients?
Substances the body uses for energy ,growth ,repair and maintenance of its tissue
What does the term diet mean
The food a person eats everyday
What is malnutrition
The incorrect or unbalanced intake of nutrients
What is under nutrition
The insufficient total intake of nutrients
What is a balanced diet
A diet with the correct amount of nutrient for the needs of an individual
What are the five types of nutrients?
Protein Fat Carbohydrate Minerals Vitamins
What are macro nutrients
Nutrients that are needed in relatively large amounts
eg: protein carbohydrate,fat
What are micronutrient
Needed in smaller amounts
Eg: vitamins,water
What are the functions of protein
To build and repair cells
To build enzymes
To transport molecules
What elements make up protein
Oxygen,hydrogen,carbon,nitrogen
What make up protein
Amino acids
What does a lack of protein create
PEM kwashiorkor or marasmus
What is the function of fat
Supply energy
Protects organs
Forms an insulating layer
What are some sources of fat
Butter,margarine ,lean meat,egg yolk
What are the functions of carbohydrates
To provide energy
What elements make up carbohydrate
Carbon ,hydrogen ,oxygen
What are the three main monosaccharides
Fructose,glucose,galactose
What are the types of disaccharides
Sucrose,lactose,maltose
What are sources of carbohydrate
Granulated sugar,fudge,honey,molasses ,cakes,peanut brittle ,cassava ,potatoes,breadfruit ,plantains
What is the scientific name for vitamin a
Retinol
Retinol is another name for which vitamin
Vitamin A
What are the sources of vitamin A
Milk,cheese,butter,egg(yolk)
What is the deficiency of vitamin A
Night blindness
What is the scientific name for vitamin d
Cholecalciferol
Cholecalciferol is the scientific name for which vitamin
Vitamin D
Sources of vitamin D
Sunlight,liver ,oily fish,margarine
A deficiency in vitamin d causes what
Rickets and osteomalacia
What is the scientific name for vitamin E
Tocopherol
What are sources of vitamin E
Lettuce,peanuts,seeds,wheat germ seeds
What is a deficiency in vitamin k prevents what
Blood clotting
What is the scientific name of vitamin b1
Thiamine
What are some sources of vitamin b1
Whole grain cereal,rice,legumes
What is the deficiency of vitamin b1
Beri-beri
What are the three types of carbohydrate
Dietary fiber
Starch
Sugar
What are the two types of sugars
Glucose,fructose,galactose
What are disaccharides
Sucrose ,lactose,maltose
What is the importance of water
Water relieves constipation
Helps regulate body temperature
Maintains blood volume
