nutrients

Question 1

antioxidants

Answer 1

include vitamins A, C and E, and beta carotene

Question 2

antioxidants found in

Answer 2

fruits, veggies, wholegrain products

Question 3

antioxidants role

Answer 3

counteract the harmful effects of free radicals. (pass through cells disturbing arrangement

Question 4

glycaemic index

Answer 4

The glycaemic index, or GI, is a recent concept in nutrition.
It ranks carbohydrate foods on the immediate effect they have on blood sugar levels after eating.
All foods are ranked from 0-100, with pure glucose given the score of 100

Low GI = 55 or less
Moderate GI = 56-69
High GI = 70 or more

developed to enable people with diabetes to better manage blood sugar levels

Benefits of a low GI diet
feel full & have more energy for longer

Problems with a high GI
diet
likely to feel hungry quicker
overeating likely

Question 5

glycaemic load

Answer 5

Carbohydrates are broken down into simple sugars during the digestion process, which can be absorbed through the gut and into the bloodstream. The glycaemic index (GI) rates carbohydrates according to how quickly they raise glucose levels in the bloodstream.

The glycaemic load (GL) rates carbohydrates according to the glycemic index and how much carbohydrate is in the food (taking into account portion size).

Question 6

sugar

Answer 6

Sugar is made by crushing and refining sugar cane.

The juice is squeezed out
of the cane & then boiled.

Molasses is a dark thick sticky liquid separated from the juice – the remaining juice is crystallised to create a range of sugars, with different purposes & sensory properties.

Sugar is the common name for sucrose and is a natural sweetener in plant food.

Question 7

sugar nutritional value

Answer 7

Sugar is an empty carbohydrate – it has NO nutrient value, only energy.

Question 8

sugar properties and types

Answer 8

properties:
add colour
add flavour
improve the texture
aerate or increase the volume when creamed with butter
act as a preservative
help yeast ferment in bread making

types:
brown sugar
rock candy
molasses
maple syrup
corn syrup
honey
granulate sugar
powdered sugar

Question 9

low gi foods

Answer 9

are carbohydrate foods that release energy slowly into bloodstream over a long period of time – they take longer to digest and to be absorbed into
the bloodstream

Examples
wholemeal / grain
cereals, bread, rice,
pasta, breakfast
cereals, vegetables,
fruit, legumes

Question 10

high gi foods

Answer 10

are carbohydrate foods that release energy quickly into the bloodstream, giving an almost instant energy boost or sugar high

Examples
donuts, cakes,
pastries, desserts,
carbonated / soft
drinks, lollies

Question 11

calculating Gl

Answer 11

Watermelon has a high glycaemic index of 80 - however a typical serving size of watermelon has very little carbohydrate in it so its glycaemic load is only 5.

Low GL = 10 or less
Moderate GL = 11-19
High GL = 20 or more