Nutrient Metabolism Flashcards
What is the benefit of drinking a “rehydration” beverage in patients with diarrhea?
they contain Sodium and glucose which benefits the absorption of glucose and water into the cells and helps to treat water and sodium losses from diarrhea
Which gut hormones/peptides reduce food intake/appetite
GLP-1 (glucagon like peptide - 1), OXM (oxyntomodulin), PYY (peptide tyrosine-tyrosine), & PP (pancreatic polypeptide
what is the purpose of CCK
it inhibits gastric emptying thus reducing food intake (does not effect meal frequency)
over view of Leptin
It is located in white adipose tissue and gastric mucosa. It is stimulated by food deprivation. With low levels of leptin, it increases energy intake and decreases energy expenditure
Overview of Ghrelin
Polypeptide located in the stomach. Stimulates growth hormone and results in increase of food intake.
Which foods should be limited to reduce nausea?
High fat and high fiber foods. Due to its prolonged time to leave the stomach
What other hormones inhibit gastric emptying?
Secretin and gastric inhibitory peptide
How much chyme is emptied into the cecum?
1500-2000 ml/d
Purpose of the ileocecal valve
To prevent back flow of fecal contents into the small intestines. When ileal pressure increases or food exits the stomach the ileocecal valve opens. It shuts when colonic pressure increases
Which type of fiber should be avoided with risk of bowel ischemia
Soluble and insoluble fiber
Vagotomy, gastric bypass, and destruction of the pylorus can cause what?
Dumping syndrome: symptoms include diaphoresis, weakness, dizziness, flushing, and palpitations
Where is the parietal cell located and what does it excrete?
Located in the body of the fundus and it releases HCl and intrinsic factor
What’s is the purpose of intrinsic factor?
Required for the absorption of B12.
Purpose of bile?
Required for digestion and absorption of bile. It helps to emulsify the fat and aids in the the absorption of digest fat into the intestinal mucosa
What is the significance of white stool?
This can indicate a biliary obstruction (bile being prevented from entering the colon)
