nutrient groups Flashcards
what are the 7 nutrient groups?
carbohydrates, proteins, lipids (oils + fats), vitamins, minerals, fibre, water
what are carbohydrates made of?
starch and sugars
why do we need carbohydrates?
they provide us with energy needed for chemical reactions ( ie. anaerobic respiration ) and energy to help us move around.
give examples of foods that include carbohydrates.
bread, pasta, potatoes.
what are simple carbohydrates?
sugars
what are complex carbohydrates?
starch
what elements do carbohydrates have?
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
what are lipids a combination of?
both fats and oils.
which lipids are solid at room temperature?
fats.
which lipids are liquid at room temperature?
oils.
give examples of foods that contain lipids.
oily fish, avacado.
why do we need lipids?
for longer term stores of energy and insulation ( keeping us warm AND protecting our organs ).
what are proteins made of?
amino acids.
give examples of foods that contain proteins.
legumes ( lentils, beans ) nuts, seeds, meat, fish.
why do we need proteins?
to grow and to repair damaged tissue. can also be used as energy if we don’t have enough carbohydrates or lipids.
what type of molecules do vitamins have?
organic molecules, meaning they’re made by living organisms.
what type of molecules do minerals have?
inorganic, and much more simpler molecules.
what do we need vitamin A for?
good vision, healthy hair.
what foods can you find vitamin A in?
leafy vegetables.
what do we need vitamin C for?
preventing scurvy.
what foods can you find vitamin C in?
citrus fruit,
what foods can you find vitamin D in?
eggs and oily fish.
what do we need vitamin D for?
your body produces the vitamin using sunlight, which then helps absorb calcium.
what is calcium?
a mineral.
what do we need calcium for?
strong bones. not enough can lead to rickets
what is iron?
a mineral in which is an important component of the haemoglobin. not enough iron can cause anemia.
what foods can you find iron in?
red meat, spinach, beans.
what are fibres?
a type of carbohydrate that is not absorbed into the body
which foods can you find fibre in?
wholemeal foods such as bread, brown rice, fruits and vegetables.
what is fibre’s role in the body?
to keep food moving through intestines properly to ensure regular digestion. stops us from getting diarrhoea and constipation.
why do we need water?
we need water as our body is 70% water + water is needed in chemical reactions
how do our bodies continuously loose water?
breathing, sweating and urinating.
