NUTR 12

Question 1

What is the AMDR for fat?

Answer 1

20%-35% of total kcal

Question 2

Triglyceride

Answer 2

Major type of lipid in food and the body. Consists of a glycerol and three fatty acids.

Question 3

Phospholipid

Answer 3

Type of lipid whose structure includes a phosphorus atom. Consists of a glycerol, two fatty acids, and a phosphate group.

Question 4

Sterol

Answer 4

One of the three types of lipids. Has a structure composed of multiple chemical rings.

Question 5

Trans fatty acid

Answer 5

Fatty acid produced during the process of partial hydrogenation. Hydrogens on opposite sides of the double bond.

Question 6

CIs Fatty acid

Answer 6

A unsaturated fatty acid with hydrogen atoms on the same side of the double bond, causing a bend in the carbon chain

Question 7

Hydrogenation

Answer 7

A process where hydrogen atoms are added to the carbon-carbon double bonds of unsaturated fatty acids

Question 8

Omega 6 fatty acid

Answer 8

When the first double bond occurs between the sixth and seventh carbon atoms (from the omega end) in the fatty acid

Question 9

Bile

Answer 9

A substance produced by the liver that emulsifies fat so it can disperse in water

Question 10

Lipase

Answer 10

The enzyme that breaks down triglycerides to a monoglyceride and two fatty acids.

Question 11

Lipoprotein

Answer 11

A carrier that transports lipids in the blood

Question 12

Chylomicron

Answer 12

A lipoprotein that transports lipids from small intestine and delivers triglycerides to body cells

Question 13

VLDL

Answer 13

A lipoprotein that transports lipids from the liver and delivers triglycerides to body cells

Question 14

LDL

Answer 14

A lipoprotein that transports cholesterol to the cells

Question 15

HDL

Answer 15

A lipoprotein that picks up excess cholesterol from cells and transports back to the liver.

Question 16

Adipose tissue

Answer 16

Where triglycerides are stored in the body

Question 17

EPA

Answer 17

An omega-3 fatty acid found in fish. The human body can synthesize limited amounts from alpha-linolenic acid.

Question 18

DHA

Answer 18

An omega-3 fatty acid found in fish, some algae oils, and human milk. The human body can synthesize limited amounts from EPA.

Question 19

Beta-oxidation

Answer 19

The metabolic process for splitting fatty acids into two-carbon units and forming acetyl-CoA. Occurs in the mitochondria.

Question 20

Ketones

Answer 20

An acidic molecule formed in fat metabolism when there is not sufficient carbohydrate to break down acetyl-CoA.