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Nursing Theory > Nursing Theory > Flashcards

Nursing Theory Flashcards

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1
Q

Health

A

Not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, but a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being. (per the World Health Organization-WHO)

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2
Q

Health Promotion

A

process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health.

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3
Q

Wellness

A

purposeful, enjoyable living or, more specifically, a deliberate lifestyle choice characterized by personal responsibility and optimal enhancement of physical, mental, and spiritual health.

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4
Q

6 Dimensions of Wellness

SOS PIE

A
  • Social
  • Occupational
  • Spiritual
  • Physical
  • Intellectual
  • Emotional
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5
Q

Social (6 dimensions of wellness)

A

Actively taking part in improving our world, seeking ways to enhance personal relationships, celebrating friendships, and building our community

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6
Q

Occupational (6 dimensions of wellness)

A

Finding enrichment through our work or vocation to enhance our well-being.

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7
Q

Spiritual (6 dimensions of wellness)

A

Identifying our basic purpose in life; learning how to experience love, joy, peace and fulfillment, and helping ourselves and others achieve our potential.

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8
Q

Intellectual (6 dimensions of wellness)

A

Ability to think and learn from life experience, openness to new ideas, and capacity to question and evaluate information.

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9
Q

Emotional (6 dimensions of wellness)

A
  • The degree to which one feels positive and enthusiastic about oneself and life.
  • involves awareness and acceptance of a wide range of feelings in oneself and other.
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10
Q

Physical (6 dimensions of wellness)

A

participation in regular physical activity leading to a heightened awareness of the connection between body, mind and spirit

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11
Q

Illness

A

subjective experience of loss of health; unhealthy condition; poor health;sickness

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12
Q

Disease

A

objective state of ill health; any abnormal condition in a plant that interferes with its vital physiological processes caused by pathogenicmicroorganisms, parasites, unfavorable environmental, genetic, or nutritional factors, etc.

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13
Q

Epidemiology

A

Study of how often diseases occur in different groups of people and why.

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14
Q

Morbidity

A

Disease rate in one period of time or in one place

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15
Q

Mortality

A

Number of deaths in one period of time or in one place

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16
Q

Population Health

A
  • A way of thinking about the social and economic forces that shape health
  • Builds upon public health and health promotion
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17
Q

Disease Prevention

A

action to avoid disease

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18
Q

3 levels of prevention

A
  • primary prevention
  • secondary prevention
  • tertiary prevention
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19
Q

Primary Prevention (3 levels of prevention)

A

Protection from disease before signs and symptoms.

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20
Q

Secondary Prevention (3 levels of prevention)

A

Activities that promote early detection of disease once pathogens have occurred.

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21
Q

Tertiary Prevention (3 levels of prevention)

A

Activities are initiated in the convalescence stage of disease and are directed toward minimizing residual disability and helping people to live productively with limitations. Ex. cardiac rehab program after heart attack

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22
Q

Health Protection

A
  • Protecting health

- Preventing illness or injuries

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23
Q

Empowerment

A

An outcome and a process by which people, individually and collectively in organizations and communities, exercise their ability to effect change to enhance control, quality, of life and social justice

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24
Q

Mental Health

A

state of emotional and psychological well-being in which an individual is able to use his or her cognitive and emotional capabilities, function in society, and meet the ordinary demands of everyday life

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25
Q

Emotional Health

A

Generally associated to feelings and moods.

26
Q

Emotional Intelligence

A

emotionally healthy people tend to have higher levels of emotional intelligence. 5 components:

  • self-awareness
  • altruism
  • personal motivation
  • empathy
  • ability to love and be loved

term used to evaluate the capacity of people to understand themselves and relate well with others.

27
Q

Social Health

A

ability to interact with the people around us as well as our capability to function as a contributing member of society while supporting and helping others to do the same.

28
Q

Spiritual Health

A

ability to identify our basic purpose in life and to experience the fulfillment of achieving our full potential

29
Q

Self esteem

A

confidence and satisfaction in oneself

30
Q

Altruism

A

unselfish regard for people

31
Q

assertiveness

A

behaving in a non hostile, confident manner to make your needs and desires clear to others

32
Q

autonomy

A

ability to draw on internal resources; independence from familial and societal influences. Independence

33
Q

Optimistic

A

Tendency to seek out, remember, and expect pleasurable experiences

34
Q

Post traumatic stress disorder

A

The repeated reliving of a trauma through nightmares or recollection

35
Q

Self actualization

A

State of wellness and fulfillment that can be achieved once certain human needs are satisfied; living to one’s full potential

36
Q

Values

A

criteria by which one makes choices about one’s thoughts, actions, goals, and ideals.

37
Q

Mental Illness

A

Alterations in thinking, mood, or behaviour associated with significant distress, dysfunction, and impaired functioning

38
Q

Anxiety

A

Can lear to intensified asthmatic reactions, skin conditions, and digestive disorders

39
Q

Depression

A

has increasingly been recognized as a serious risk factor for physical illness

40
Q

Definition of Social Determinants

A

Aspects that are very important to health and wellness status

41
Q

Social Determinants (14)

A
  • Income and income distribution
  • Education
  • Unemployment
  • Employment and Working Conditions
  • Early Childhood Development
  • Food Insecurity
  • Housing
  • Social Exclusion
  • Social Safety Net
  • Health Services
  • Aboriginal Status
  • Gender
  • Race
  • Disability
42
Q

Social Justice

A

fair distribution of social determinants of health among members of the population - equal access to everybody

43
Q

Nursing’s Role to Social Justice?

A

“providing safe, compassionate competent ethical healthcare,”
“promoting health and well-being” (most important)
“preserving dignity”
~ Code of Ethics for Registered Nurses

44
Q

3 models of health

A
  1. biomedical model
  2. behavioural model
  3. socio-environmental model
45
Q

Biomedical Model

A

views health as absence of disease or disorder

46
Q

Behavioural Model

A

views health as the product of making healthy lifestyle choices

47
Q

Socio-Environmental Model

A

views health as the product of social, economic and environmental determinants that provide incentives and barriers to the health of individuals and communities

48
Q

Leading Health Problems according to Biomedical Health Model

A
  • cardiovascular disease
  • cancer
  • HIV/AIDS
  • stroke
  • diabetes
  • obesity
49
Q

Leading Health Problems according to Behavioural Model

A
  • smoking
  • poor eating habits
  • physical inactivity
  • substance abuse
  • poor stress coping skills
  • lack of life skills
50
Q

Leading Health Problems according to Socio-Environmental Model

A
  • poverty
  • unemployment
  • powerlessness
  • isolation
  • environmental pollution
  • stressors
  • hazardous working conditions
51
Q

Biomedical Approach to Reducing Heart Disease

A
  • treatment
  • drugs
  • low salt/low cholesterol dietary regimen
52
Q

Behavioural Approach to Reducing Heart Disease

A
  • health education
  • health communication
  • self-help/mutual aid
  • advocacy for health public policies supporting lifestyle choices
53
Q

Socio-Environmental Approach to Reducing Heart Disease

A
  • policy change
  • advocacy
  • community mobilization
  • self-help/mutual aid
54
Q

Gordon’s 11 Functional Health Patterns

ASSESSMENT TOOL

A
  1. Health Perception/Health Management
  2. Nutritional-Metabolic
  3. Elimination
  4. Activity - Exercise
  5. Cognitive - Perceptual
  6. Sleep - Rest
  7. Self-Perception/Self-Concept
  8. Role-Relationship
  9. Sexuality-Reproductive
  10. Coping/Stress Tolerance
  11. Value/Belief
55
Q

MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

5 categories

A
  • –BOTTOM OF PYRAMID—
    1. PHYSIOLOGICAL
    2. SAFETY
    3. LOVE/BELONGING
    4. ESTEEM
    5. SELF-ACTUALIZATION
  • –TOP OF PYRAMID—
56
Q

MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

PHYSIOLOGICAL

A
  • breathing
  • food
  • water
  • sex
  • sleep
  • homeostasis
  • excretion
57
Q

MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

SAFETY

A

security of:

  • body
  • employment
  • resources
  • morality
  • family
  • health
  • property
58
Q

MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

LOVE/BELONGING

A
  • friendship
  • family
  • sexual intimacy
59
Q

MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

ESTEEM

A
  • self-esteem
  • confidence
  • achievement
  • respect of others
  • respect by others
60
Q

MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

SELF-ACTUALIZATION

A
  • morality
  • creativity
  • spontaneity
  • problem-solving
  • lack of prejudice
  • acceptance of facts
61
Q

14 SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH

Shh! Bed Chic! Sage

A 
S - Social support
H - Health Care
H - Housing
B - Biological
E - Education
D - Disability
C - Culture
H - Housing
I - Income
C - Child Development
S - Seclusion
A - Aboriginal
G - Gender
E - Employment

Nursing Theory (2 decks)

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