Nursing Theory Flashcards
- Identity: How nurses develop a professional identity and the importance of maintaining professionalism.
o How to present yourself
o Being able to maintain a professional work attitude and work ethic
o Your sense of self and how you conduct yourself
o Personal values and beliefs
Professional Identity in Nursing
- Values
- Knowledge
- Leadership
- Professionalism
o Standard 1 – Professional Accountability and Responsibility
LPNs are accountable and responsible for their practice and conduct to meet the standards of the profession and legislative requirements
10 specific indicators under this standard
o Standard 2 – Evidence Informed Practice
LPNs apply evidence-informed knowledge in practice
Anecdotal evidence
11 specific indicators under this standard
o Standard 3 – Protection of the public through self-regulation
LPNs collaborate with clients and other members of the healthcare team to provide safe care and improve health outcomes. (what is good for the patient – patient-centred care)
7 specific indicators under this standard
o Standard 4 – Professional and Ethical Practice
LPN’s adhere to the ethical values and responsibilities described in the Canadian Council for Practical Nurses (CCPNR) and Code of Ethics (FOIP, etc.)
7 specific indicators under this standard
- Growth of the Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN) profession in Canada
assistants in:
Egypt (3100-332 BCE) – started with Egyptians – started in 1639.
Greece (700-480 BCE)
- Growth of the Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN) profession in Canada.
o During the New Kingdom (c.1550-1070 BCE), medical professionals were highly respected and connected to the divine.
o Ailments and disabilities were often viewed as punishments for sin or demons
o 1639 marks the recorded beginning of nursing in Canada.
o 1739: Grey Nuns began caring for the poor.
o Before hospitals, women skilled in basic nursing provided care in their homes during the 1800s and early 19th century.
o Most nursing care was based on the Nightingale Theory, emphasizing sanitation and nutrition to reduce infections and illness (Environmental Theory), which remains relevant in nursing education today.
o First Nations women often provided midwifery services and cared for the sick and dying.
- Red Deer Polytechnic PN Conceptual Framework: Overview of the framework.
o It supports the concepts of health, client, nursing and environment in our learning practices
HCNE
- Metaparadigms: Nursing concepts—Person, Environment, Health, Nursing.
Theories are also used to describe, predict, or control phenomena.
o Understanding nursing theories benefit nursing practice by offering a framework for understanding patient care.
Nursing Metaparadigm
Person
Nursing
Environment
Health
Nursing Metaparadigm - Person
o The recipient of nursing care and may include individuals, patients, groups, families and communities
Nursing Metaparadigm - Nursing
o Attributes, characteristics and actions of the nurse providing care on behalf of or in conjunction with the client
Nursing Metaparadigm - Environment
o Environment (or situation) is defined as the internal and external surrounds that affect the client
Nursing Metaparadigm - Health
o Defined as the degree of wellness or well-being that the client experiences
Practice Based - Florence Nightingale
she described the the conditions necessary to promote health and healing was environment - clean living spaces, fresh air and the presence of light
creating an environment conducive to healing
NEEDS THEORISTS
Virginia Henderon
o 14 basic human needs.
o Viewing the patient this way clearly defined a nurses role.
described nursing practice as assisting the individual, sick or well
NEEDS THEORISTS
Dorothea Orem
o philosophy of human capability, maintaining capability for self care
INTERACTIONIST THEORISTS
Hildegard Peplau
o interpersonal relations, nursing as an interpersonal process
understanding the behaviours of others
INTERACTIONIST THEORISTS
Evelyn Adam
o Supporting patient’s strength, knowledge and will.
SYSTEMS THEORISTS
Dorothy Johnson
o Individual as a behavioural system
maintaining stability and balance through adjustments and adaptation to the forces the impinge on them
SYSTEMS THEORISTS
Betty Neuman
o open system affected by intrapersonal, interpersonal and extra personal stressors
addressing variables affecting the client’s response to stressors
Systems Sister Callista Roy
facilitating the individual as an adaptive system
SIMULTANEITY THEORISTS
Rosemarie Parse
o Individual who is indivisible, unpredictable and everchanging.
o Human “becoming” process – making choices and changing health priorities
SIMULTANEITY THEORISTS
Jean Watson
o Understand the individual as an embodied spirit ; a transpersonal transcendent evolving consciousness, unity of mind body, spirit, etc.
believed that nurses do far more than deal with illness they must attend to their primary function, caring.
Florence Nightingale
founder of modern nursing and invoked by nursing leaders as a powerful symbol of profession.
Metaparadigm
creating a theoretical definition for the substance and structure of the key bodies of knowledge needed to understand clinical situations
McGill Model
focus on health rather than illness
