Nursing Theorists

Question 1

Who is referred as the Founder or Mother of Nursing and the Lady with the Lamp?

Answer 1

Florence Nightingale

Question 2

When and where was Florence Nightingale born?

Answer 2

May 12, 1820 in Florence, Italy

Question 3

At what age did Florence Nightingale start working at a hospital?

Answer 3

24 years old

Question 4

Where did Florence Nightingale study nursing?

Answer 4

Institute of the Deaconesses located at Kaisersworth, Germany

Question 5

How long did Florence Nightingale study nursing?

Answer 5

3 months

Question 6

After studying nursing, it was another _____ before she was allowed to practice nursing.

Answer 6

2 years

Question 7

Florence Nightingale served the wounded soldiers during the _____.

Answer 7

Crimean War

Question 8

At what hospital did Florence Nightingale establish a school of nursing?

Answer 8

St. Thomas Hospital in London, England

Question 9

What is the title of Florence Nightingale’s slim volume provided women with guidelines for caring for their loved ones at home and advices on how to “think like a nurse”, as well as emphasized physical environment.

Answer 9

Notes on Nursing: What It Is and What It Is Not

Question 10

What is Florence Nightingale’s theory?

Answer 10

Environmental Theory

Question 11

What are the five essential components of environmental health?

Answer 11

1. Pure Air
2. Pure Water
3. Efficient Drainage
4. Cleanliness
5. Light

Question 12

According to Florence Nightingale, what is the major component of nursing care?

Answer 12

Manipulation of Physical Environment

Question 13

Florence Nightingale believes that disease is a _____ process.

Answer 13

Reparative

Question 14

What are the 12 Canons of Environmental Theory?

Answer 14

1. Health of Houses
2. Ventilation and warmth
3. Light
4. Noise
5. Variety
6. Bed and bedding
7. Cleanliness of rooms and walls 8. Personal cleanliness
8. Nutrition and taking food
9. Chattering hopes and advices
10. Observation of the sick
11. Petty Management

Question 15

According to Florence Nightingale, this is closely related to the presence of pure air, pure water, efficient drainage, cleanliness and light.

Answer 15

Health of Houses

Question 16

Florence Nightingale states that this is the greater part of nursing.

Answer 16

Cleanliness

Question 17

This is a universal need that is an important component in the delivery of nursing care.

Answer 17

Caring

Question 18

Where did Jean Watson grew up?

Answer 18

West Virginia in the Appalachian Mountains

Question 19

What school of nursing did Jean Watson attend?

Answer 19

Lewis Gale School of Nursing in Roanoke, Virginia

Question 20

Where did Jean Watson continue her nursing education and graduate studies?

Answer 20

University of Colorado

Question 21

Jean Watson has a master’s degree in _____ and a doctorate in _____.

Answer 21

psychiatric-mental health nursing
educational psychology and counseling

Question 22

What is the title of Jean Watson’s first book?

Answer 22

Nursing: The Philosophy and Science of Caring

Question 23

This simulated Jean Watson’s thinking of 10 Carative Factors.

Answer 23

Yalom’s 11 Curative Factors

Question 24

This is the organizing framework and moral ideal of Jean Watson’s book “central to nursing”.

Answer 24

10 Carative Factors

Question 25

This is the title of Jean Watson’s second book.

Answer 25

Nursing: Human Science and Human Care - A Theory of Nursing

Question 26

This is the title of Jean Watson’s third book which was presented as a model to bring nursing practice into the twenty-first century.

Answer 26

Postmodern Nursing and Beyond

Question 27

Jean Watson expanded the 10 Carative Factors to this closely related concept. A Latin word which means “to cherish, to appreciate, to give special attention, if not loving attention”.

Answer 27

Caritas

Question 28

What is Jean Watson’s theory?

Answer 28

Theory of Transpersonal Caring

Question 29

This is the foundation of Jean Watson’s theory.

Answer 29

Transpersonal Caring Relationship

Question 30

Transpersonal caring relationships are a _____.

Answer 30

Spiritual Union

Question 31

Patricia Benner developed this concept.

Answer 31

From Novice to Expert

Question 32

What is Patricia Benner’s birth name?

Answer 32

Patricia Sawyer

Question 33

When and where was Patricia Benner born?

Answer 33

August 1942 in Hampton, Virginia

Question 34

Patricia Benner is the director of this study.

Answer 34

Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching National Nursing Education Study

Question 35

What is Patricia Benner’s theory?

Answer 35

Stages of Nursing Expertise

Question 36

What are the five levels of nursing experience according to Patricia Benner?

Answer 36

1. Novice 2. Advanced Beginner 3. Competent 4. Proficient 5. Expert

Question 37

In this level, rules are context-free, independent of specific cases, and applied universally.

Answer 37

Novice

Question 38

In this level, principles based on experiences, begin to be formulated to guide actions.

Answer 38

Advanced Beginner

Question 39

In this level, the nurse has gained prior experience in actual situations to recognize recurring meaningful components.

Answer 39

Advanced Beginner

Question 40

In this level, the nurse has 2-3 year’s experience on the job in the same area or in similar day-to-day situations.

Answer 40

Competent

Question 41

In this level, the nurse is more aware of long-term goals.

Answer 41

Competent

Question 42

In this level, the nurse perspective from planning own actions based on conscious, abstract, and analytical thinking and helps to achieve greater efficiency and organization.

Answer 42

Competent

Question 43

In this level, the nurse perceives and understands situations as whole parts.

Answer 43

Proficient

Question 44

In this level, the nurse has a more holistic understanding improves decision-making.

Answer 44

Proficient

Question 45

In this level, the nurse learns from experiences what to expect in certain situations and how to modify plans.

Answer 45

Proficient

Question 46

This included a decidedly spiritual dimension and overt evocation of love and caring.

Answer 46

Caritas

Question 47

She proposed that a nurse could gain knowledge and skills without actually learning a theory. She describes this as a nurse “knowing how” without “knowing that.”

Answer 47

Patricia Benner