Nursing Theories Flashcards
What is the purpose of theory development in nursing?
Theory development in nursing establishes a scientific foundation for the profession by creating, testing, and refining concepts that guide research, education, and practice.
How do nursing theories contribute to patient care?
Nursing theories provide a framework for understanding patient behaviors, predicting outcomes, and delivering evidence-based, patient-centered care.
What are the five environmental factors in Nightingale’s Environmental Theory?
The five environmental factors are pure air, pure water, efficient drainage, cleanliness, and light.
How does Nightingale’s theory apply to nursing practice?
Nurses are encouraged to create and maintain a healing environment by ensuring cleanliness, reducing noise, providing proper ventilation, and offering nutritious food.
What is the focus of Henderson’s Basic Human Needs Theory?
The focus is on 14 basic human needs that nurses must address to help patients achieve independence and holistic health.
List three of the 14 basic human needs identified by Henderson.
Breathing, eating and drinking, and eliminating waste.
How do nurses use Henderson’s theory in practice?
Nurses assess patient needs, plan care, and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to help patients regain independence in meeting their basic needs.
What is the central concept of Orem’s Self-Care Theory?
The central concept is self-care, which includes activities individuals perform to maintain health and well-being.
What are the three interrelated theories in Orem’s Self-Care Theory?
The Theory of Self-Care, the Theory of Self-Care Deficit, and the Theory of Nursing Systems.
How does Orem’s theory apply to nursing practice?
Nurses assess patients’ ability to perform self-care and intervene when patients cannot meet their own needs, especially in chronic illness management and rehabilitation.
What is the focus of Watson’s Human Caring Theory?
The focus is on the caring relationship between the nurse and the patient, emphasizing the humanistic aspects of nursing combined with scientific knowledge.
What are “Carative Factors” in Watson’s theory?
Carative Factors are practices that guide nurses in caring for patients, such as forming humanistic-altruistic value systems and instilling faith-hope.
How do nurses apply Watson’s theory in practice?
Nurses engage in authentic caring relationships, focusing on the whole person, and promoting healing and dignity in every interaction.
What is the main focus of Leininger’s Culture Care Diversity and Universality Theory?
The main focus is on cultural competence in nursing, recognizing that cultural beliefs, values, and practices significantly influence health and illness behaviors.
What are the three concepts in Leininger’s theory?
Cultural care preservation/maintenance, cultural care accommodation/negotiation, and cultural care repatterning/restructuring.
