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Nursing Theories Flashcards

1
Q

Nursing theories

A

organized bodies…
define nursing as a…
it is a framework…

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2
Q

History of nursing theory

A

to develop nursing as an academic discipline and a profession, a body of knowledge to guide the nursing practice is essential

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3
Q

Theory without practice is _____ and Practice without theory is _____.

A

Empty, Blind

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4
Q

Florence Nightingale

A

“Notes on Nursing”
Environmental Theory

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5
Q

Environmental Theory

A

Act of utilizing the patient’s environment to assist him/her in his/her recovery.

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6
Q

A-S-K

A

Attitude - Skill - Knowledge

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7
Q

3 ‘H’ of nursing

A

Heart - Attitude
Hands - Skills
Head - Knowledge

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8
Q

Nursing Process

A

identify health process and need of patient
(ADPIE)

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9
Q

1859-1992

A

Environmental Theory (Florence Nightingale)

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10
Q

1950’s

A

Columbia school
*Graduate programs
-nursing knowledge is based on nursing diagnosis that is different to medical diagnosis

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11
Q

1960’s

A

Yale School - Theoretical thinking in nursing
*Focus on the relationship of the nurse and the patient
*Views nursing as process rather than an end itself.

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12
Q

Holistic Approach

A

5 aspects

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13
Q

Curriculum era

A

(1900’s-1940’s) emphasizes on courses included in nursing program
Goal: develop specialized knowledge and higher education

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13
Q

Theory era

A

(1980’s-1990’s) There are many ways to think about nursing
*Theories guide nursing research and practice.

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13
Q

Research era

A

(1950’s-1970’s) Role of nursing and what is research
*Recognition that isolated studiea do not yield unified knowledge

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14
Q

Graduate Education era

A

(1950’s-1970’s) Caving out an advanced roles and basis for nursing practice
*Focus graduate education on knowledge development

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14
Q

Theory Utilization era

A

(21st century) Nursing theory guides research, practice, education, and administration

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15
Q

Science

A

Body of knowledge based on facts
Method for describing, explaining, and predicting causes or outcomes of interventions

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16
Q

Scientific Activity

A

Helped to establish the evidence we use to guide practice in the delivery of nursing care

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17
Q

scientific discipline

A

Identifying nursing’s unique knowledge for the care of patients, families, and communities

18
Q

Rationalism

A

makes use of reason
Hold that reason is the source of knowledge

19
Q

Rationalist epistomology

A

Importance of priori reasoning
Uses of deductive reasoning/knowledge-general to specific

20
Q

Empiricisim

A

origin of all knowledge is sensory experience, senses are the source of all knowledge
inductive reasoning- specific to general

21
Q

Empiricist

A

Inductive reasoning must be used
-making generalization based on individual instances

22
Reynolds
Deductive method - Theory-then-research method Inductive method - Research-then-theory method
23
Science theory (early 20th century)
Positivism-supports empirical research and logical analysis were approaches that would produce scientific knowledge logical empiricist-Theoretical propositions must be tested through observation and experimentation
24
Emergent Views (Late 20th century)
Foucault-Believes that empirical knowledge was arranged in different patterns at a given time and in a given culture and that humans were emerging as objects of study
25
Brown (1997)
History of science was replacing formal logic as the major analytical tool in the philosophy of science
26
Significance of nursing theories
Nursing was recognized as an academic discipline and a profession
27
Discipline
refers to branch of education
28
Profession
A special field of practice
29
Significance of theory in discipline of nursing
discipline is dependent on theory for its continued existence
30
Significance of nursing theory for the profession
Vital for the practice of professional nursing
31
Structure level
Theoretical works in nursing are generally categorized either as philosophies, conceptual models, theories, or middle-ranged theories depending on the level of abstraction
32
Concept
Describes a phenomenon or a group of phenomena Empirical concept- either observed or experience through senses Abstract concept- one that is not observable
33
Highest level of abstraction
Metaparadigm
34
Metaparadigm of nursing
Person Environment Health Nursing these identified either implicitly or explicitly in each model or theories
35
Philosophies of Nursing
Set forth the general meaning of nursing and nursing phenomena through reasoning and the logical presentation of ideas.
36
Conceptual Models of nursing
Paradigms/framework composed of abstract and general concepts sets of concepts and statements Assumptions-accepted as truth and proposition-statement about a concepts
37
Nursing Theories
A conceptualized of some aspect of reality that pertains to nursing. the conceptualization is articulated for the purpose of describing, explaining, predicting or prescribing nursing care
38
Martha Rogers
"Theoretical basis of nursing" 1970 "Nursing Science and an art; a prospective" "Nursing science of unitary irreducible unitary human beings"
39
Basic Characteristics that describe the basic life processes
1. Energy field - process, movement, and change 2. Openness - no boundaries or barriers 3. Pattern - abstraction that gives identity to the field 4. Pan dimensionality - parameters in language 5. Homedynamic Principles
40
Major Assumptions of Roger's
Person- continuous process with open system Environment- Fields coexist and integral Health- Health and illness are parts of the same continuum Nursing- Two dimension
41
Critical Thinking Roger's
Pattern Appraisal - Self reflection Mutual patterning - patterning activities Evaluation - Personal appraisal
42
Critique (Roger's)
Clarity - continue to demonstrate clarity Simplicity - explain nature om man and life processes generality - abstract, Generalizable and powerful accessibility - Deductive in logic Importance - utilized in numerous nursing researchers
43
Dorothea Orem
"self-care Deficit"
44
Imogene King
Theory of Goal Attainment
45

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