Nursing Process Flashcards
What is the nursing process comprised of?
Assessment
NURSING DIAGNOSIS
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
What is the nursing diagnosis?
It occurs between the assessment and planning stages of the nursing process.
It allocates nursing care labels to the identified problems discovered during assessment and allows each to then be used to create a plan in the next step.
It is a clinical judgement a nurse makes to identify client problems and their causes. Focuses on the overall care of the patient and its health and wellbeing.
What is the assessment stage?
Collection of relevant data about the client for identifying nursing diagnosis and planning nursing care.
Reviewing the information to identify actual and potential nursing problems.
What is the planning stage?
Setting measurable achievable short-term and long-term goals for the client.
Making plans to overcome the nursing problems identified or to prevent potential problems occurring.
What is the implementation stage?
The ‘doing’ stage.
Carrying out the planned interventions.
What is the evaluation stage?
Involves assessing the effectiveness of the interventions and the outcomes achieved by it and adjusting the care plan as necessary.
What are the 3 Nurse Care Models?
The orem model.
The Roper, Logan, and Tierney Activities of Learning Model.
The Orpet and Jeffery Ability Model 2007.
What is The Orem Model?
A human centred model based on the concept that people are able to look after themselves with access to resources. If they become unwell and loose these resources they will have a self care deficit.
What are the 8 self-care requisites of the Orem model?
- The maintenance of a sufficient intake of air.
- The maintenance of a sufficient intake of water.
- The maintenance of a sufficient intake of food.
- Satisfactory elimination functions.
- The maintenance of a balance between solitude and social integration.
- The maintenance of a balance between activity and rest.
- The prevention of hazards to life, wellbeing, and functioning.
- The promotion of functioning and development within social groups and the desire to be normal.
What is the Roper, Logan, and Tierney Activities of Learning Model?
The first model to look at the patient as a whole and move away from being disease based. It is widely used and adapted in veterinary nursing.
Used to assess how the life of the patient has changed due to illness, injury, or admission to hospital.
What is the Orpet and Jeffrey Ability Model 2007?
The first veterinary specific model which uses a holistic approach to the patient, addressing the 5 welfare needs.
Involves 10 abilities - if the animal can achieve all 10 they are deemed as healthy.
What are the 10 abilities of the Orpet and Jeffrey Ability Model 2007?
Is the animal able to…
Eat
Drink
Urinate
Defecate
Breathe normally
Maintain body temperature
Groom and clean itself
Mobilise adequately
Sleep and rest adequately
Express normal behaviours
What are the guideline for writing a Care Plan? (8 points)
- Use permanent black ink.
- Label the care plan with the relevant patient details (both sides of the sheet).
- Sign, date and time all entries.
- List the interventions the patient needs and the goals of the planned care.
- Be creative and use additional diagrams or instructions if indicated.
- Avoid the use of abbreviations unless they have been agreed upon within the nursing team.
- Use clear and concise language.
- Read the care plan before finishing to ensure it is clear and error free.
What does SMART stand for?
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Realistic
Timing
What is a care bundle?
A tool implemented to facilitate a more effective care plan for animals. Ensures procedures are carried out by everyone in a team and reduces the chance of differing approaches missing out crucial steps during patient care.
What are advantages to using a care bundle? (5 points)
Improves patient outcomes.
Reduces gap between theory and practice.
Measurable record of care.
Increased team working.
Time saving.
What are disadvantages of using care bundles?
Can be perceived as a ‘one approach fits all’ and forgets individuality of the patient.
What is an Integrated Care Pathway (ICP)?
A document that stays with the patient throughout their care, as opposed to a care bundle which is implemented for a specific care need.
The team involved in providing care come together to agree on a plan of care prior to intervention.
Multi-disciplinary approach to the patient.
Explain the difference between the ‘medical model’ and the ‘nursing model’.
Medical model – the diagnosis of condition from clinical signs and tests, and the treatment prescribed to rectify complaints
Nursing model – the identification of patient needs to assist it in carrying out it’s normal daily activities
What is a nursing model?
A system that can be used to provide a structure for assessing the patient and standardising the nursing care planned.
What factors influence the timescale for evaluation of each nursing intervention?
The severity of the patient’s condition.
The age of the patient.
The normal frequency of the activity.
The timescale of each goal/aim.
