Nursing Implications for Medications Flashcards
1
Q
Statin
A
- Avoid with liver disease (alcohol), myopathy (check labs), hepatitis; peripheral neuropathy
- Caution with elderly, debilitated, CRF
- Interactions: grapefruit juice <1 qt. daily
2
Q
Surfactant Laxatives
A
- Avoid with obstruction, impaction or acute surgical abdominal (perforation); ulcerative colitis and diverticulitis
- Increase fiber in diet, and exercise
3
Q
NSAIDS
A
- Contraindications: Pregnancy; PUD; bleeding disorders; hypersensitivity
- Cautious use
4
Q
Beta Blocker
A
-Adjust to position changes
-Do not crush
-Pulse >60 bpm; check bp; can mask tachycardia
-Cautious use with heart failure (SOB, edema, fatique)
- Baseline ECG; D/C over 1-2 wks; NOT with asthma; Diabetes (inhibits glycogenolysis needed for low BG)
- Check glucose
Routes: PO, or IV
5
Q
Antidiabetic (biguanide drug): Metformin (Glucophage)
A
- Give 2x daily or 1x with SR
- Check SE severity
- Lactic acid risks w/ alcohol
- Avoid with iodine contrast media (acute renal failure)
- Check glucose
6
Q
Antibiotic: Penicillin G
A
- Prior allergies (monitor 1st 30 mins IM/IV PCN;
- Check creatinine, cardiac and electrolytes, esp. K+
- Check client report (rash, itching, hives)
- IM - avoid nerve or artery
7
Q
Antiparkison
A
- Give with food and small doses 1st
- Dec. dose if dyskinesias
- Check BP, inform clients of potential drop getting up (lightheadedness, dizziness) & notify MD for cardiac effects
- Antipsychotic meds as prescribed
- Diagnosis of skin lesions
- Not within two weeks of MAOI use
- Lower doses w/ carbidopa (dec. SE of levodopa)
8
Q
Short acting insulin drug
A
- Watch for S/S low glucose: give 15 g CHO if conscious; parenteral glucose IV, SC/IM glucagon
- Rotate injection sites
- Show patients how to monitor and plan for sick days; diet and exercise
- Routes: SC, IV, Continuous SC
- Use insulin syringes
- Storage of Insulin
9
Q
Bronchodilator
A
- Advise clients to notify provider if these occur: chest, jaw, or arm pain or palpitations
- Check pulse- report if increase of pulse of 20-30 bpm
- Avoid caffeine
- Tremors usually resolve w/ continued med use
10
Q
Loop Diuretic
A
- Check for dehydration: thirst, dry mouth, UO, 1-2 lbs weight loss in 24 hours
- Check electrolytes
- Tinnitus
- Thrombosis/embolis: headache, chest, calf or pelvic pain
- Routes: oral, IV, IM
11
Q
Calcium Channel Blockers
A
- Check HR hold if <60 bpm
- Check swelling in legs and notify provider
- Check BP and HR
- Equipment for cardioversion and pacer
- Avoid with heart block, hypotension, HR ,60 , arortic stenosis, or severe heart failure
12
Q
Digitalis Glycosides
A
- Check HR hold if ,60 bpm
- Check potassium: dec K+; NV, abdominal pain
- Vision changes: diplopia, blurred vision, yellow-green or white halos around objects
- Avoid: ventricular tachycardia, fibrilation; heart block
13
Q
Parenteral Anticoagulants
A
- Observe S/S of bleeding ( inc. HR, dec. BP, bruising, petechiae, hematomas, black tarry stools)- Protamine sulfate slowly
- Avoid aspirin
- Dec. platelets <100,000
- Avoid during or after some surgeries; hemophilia , dissecting aneurysm, PUD, severe HTN, renal or liver disease, threatened abortion
- Route: SC/IV ; check dose/rate!!!
14
Q
Antiemetic Serotonin Antagonist : Zofran
A
- For headaches, give non-opoid anaglesics
- Monitor stool pattern for constipation
15
Q
Cephalosporins
A
- Stop if sx of allergy- urticaria, rash, dec BP, dyspnea
- Check history
- Bleeding (NOT if on anticoagulants, observe for bleeding)
- Rotate injection sites; diluted intermittent infusion; IM in deep large muscles
- Diarrhea- stop and tell MD/provider
