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NuCM 109 - MCN > Nursing Care Of The Family Having Difficulty Conceiving A Child > Flashcards

Nursing Care Of The Family Having Difficulty Conceiving A Child Flashcards

1
Q

Term used to describe the ability to conceive a child or sustain a pregnancy to birth

A

Fertility

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2
Q

A couple is said to be infertile if they had not yet been pregnant for at least how many years?

A

At least 1 year of unprotected sex

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3
Q

Other term for fertility

A

Fecundity

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4
Q

Have the potential to conceive but are just less able to conceive

A

Subfertility

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5
Q

Assessments for subfertility investigation:

A
  • semen analysis
  • ovulation monitoring
  • tubal patency
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6
Q

Deposition of sperm into a woman’s cervix or uterus

A

Alternative insemination

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7
Q

The union of sperm and ovum under laboratory conditions

A

in vitro fertilization

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8
Q

Is said to exist when a pregnancy has not occured after at least 1 year of engaging in unprotected coitus

A

Subfertility

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9
Q

There have been no previous conceptions

A

Primary subfertility

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10
Q

There has been a previous viable pregnancy but the couple is unable to conceive at present

A

Secondary subfertility

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11
Q

Inability to conceive because of a known condition

A

Infertility

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12
Q

Fertility assessment should be done in what span of age?

A

Not before 18 yrs old and not after 45 yrs old

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13
Q

Is the best position for coitus to achieve conception because it places sperm closest to the cervical opening

A

Male-superior position

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14
Q

Don’t use these after intercourse so that vaginal pH is unaltered w/c can interfere with sperm mobility

A

Douching or lubrication

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15
Q
  • A collection of fluid in the tunica vaginalis of the scrotum
  • rarely associated with subfertility but should be documented if present
A

Hydrocele

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16
Q

An increased rate indicates inflammation

A

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate

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17
Q

A test for thyroid function

A

Protein-bound iodine

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18
Q

A serologic test for syphilis, HIV evaluation

A

Rubella titer

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19
Q

Breast milk secretion

A

Galactorrhea

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20
Q

Production of sperm cells

A

Spermatogenesis

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21
Q

An act of giving birth

A

Parturition

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22
Q

3 phases of parturition:

A
  1. Time of uterine preparedness for labor
  2. Time of forceful contraction of labor and delivery
  3. Time of puerperal contraction and delivery
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23
Q

A woman in labor

A

Parturient

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24
Q

Deep venous thrombus involving the lower extremities characterized by pain and white swelling in the affected area

A

Phlegmasia alba dolens

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25
Q

Abnormal adherrence to implantation site so that the chorionic villi are attached to myometrium

A

Placenta Accreta

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26
Q

Chorionic villi invade the myometrium

A

Placenta increta

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27
Q

Chorionic villi penetrate the myometrium

A

Placenta percreta

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28
Q

Placenta separated into 2 lobes and the umbilical cord

A

Placenta biparitta

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29
Q

Fetal surface of the placenta presents a central depression surrounded by thickened grayish white ring

A

Placenta circumvallate

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30
Q

Development of the placenta or its entirety is at the dilating zone of the uterus

A

Placenta previa

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31
Q

Cervical internal os is covered completely by placenta

A

Total or 4th degree placenta previa

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32
Q

Internal os is partially covered by placenta

A

Partial or 3rd degree placenta previa

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33
Q

Edge of the placenta is at the lower uterine segment

A

Marginal or 2nd degree placenta previa

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34
Q

Placenta is implanted at the lower uterine segment

A

Low-lying or 1st degree placenta previa

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35
Q

Placental anomally in w/c one or more accessory lobe is located at a distance from the main placenta

A

Placenta succenturiata

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36
Q

Intrauterine maneuver to convert a frank breech to a footling breech

A

Pinard maneuver

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37
Q

A woman who had given birth

A

Puerpera

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38
Q

Complete return of the degenerative organ to normal non-pregnant state covering a period of 6-8 weeks

A

Puerperium

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39
Q

Perception of a slight fluttering movement in the abdomen w/c gradually increases in intensity between 16-20 weeks after onset of the LMP

A

Quickening

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40
Q

What station is at the level of ischial spine?

A

Station 0

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41
Q

What station is above the ischial spine?

A

Station -1 to -5

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42
Q

What station is below the ischial spine?

A

Station +1 to +5

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43
Q
  • Usually have one placenta, one chorion, two amnions and two umbilical cords
  • always of the same sex
A

Single ovum twins

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44
Q
  • have two placenta, chorions, amnions, and umbilical cords
  • may be of the same or different sex
A

Double ova twins

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45
Q

Normal amniotic fluid volume

A

500 to 1000 ml

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46
Q

Occurs when there is an excess fluid of more than 2000 ml of amniotic fluid index above 24 cm.

A

Polyhydramnios

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47
Q

Refers to pregnancy with less than the average amount of amniotic fluid.

A

Oligohydramnios

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48
Q

Lungs that fail to develop

A

Hypoplastic lungs

49
Q

Distorted features of the face

A

Potter Syndrome

50
Q

A term pregnancy is how many weeks long?

A

38 to 42 weeks long

51
Q

A pregnancy that exceeds 38 to 42 weeks is called?

A

Post term pregnancy

52
Q

Occurs when an rh negative mother carries a fetus with rh positive blood type

A

Rh incompatibility

53
Q

Sufficient transport of oxygen to the body cells cannot be maintained

A

Erythroblastocis fetalis

54
Q

Blood transfusion that can be performed on the fetus in utero

A

Intrauterine transfusion

55
Q

This is done by injecting red blood cells directly into a vessel in the fetal cord or depositing it in the fetal abdomen where they migrate into the fetal circulation

A

Amniocentesis technique

56
Q

Major electrolytes that influence uterine contractions

A

Calcium, sodium, & potassium

57
Q

Contractile proteins that influence uterine contractions

A

Actin, myosin, epinephrine, norepinephrine, oxytocin, estrogen, progesterone, & prostaglandins

58
Q

Uterine contractions that is usually low or infrequent

A

Hypotonic contractions

59
Q

Hypotonic contractions occur during what phase of labor?

A

Active phase of labor

60
Q

Uterine contractions that are marked by an increase in resting tone to more than 15 mmHg

A

Hypertonic contractions

61
Q

Tend to occur frequently and are most commonly seen in the latent phase of labor

A

Hypertonic contractions

62
Q

Hypertonic contractions occur during what phase of labor?

A

Latent phase of labor

63
Q

More than one pacemaker is initiating contractions or receptor points in the myometrium may be acting independently of the pacemaker

A

Uncoordinated contractions

64
Q

Occur so closely together that they do not allow good cotyledon filling

A

Uncoordinated contractions

65
Q

Dysfunction with the first stage of labor

A
  1. Prolonged latent phase
  2. Protracted active phase
  3. Prolonged deceleration phase
66
Q

The major dysfunction that can occur in the first stage of labor

A

Prolonged latent phase

67
Q

Occur if the cervix is not “ripe” at the beginning of labor and time must be spent getting truly ready for labor

A

Prolonged latent phase

68
Q

It may occur if there is an excessive use of analgesic early in labor

A

Prolonged latent phase

69
Q

Usuallyy associated with fetal malposition or CPD

A

Protracted active phase

70
Q

The diameter of the fetal head is usually larger than the diameter of the woman’s pelvic diameters

A

Fetal malposition or CPD

71
Q

Latent phase that is longer than 20 hrs in a nullipara or 14 hrs in a multipara

A

Prolonged latent phase

72
Q

This phase is prolonged if cervical dilatation does not occur at a rate of at least 1.2 cm/hr in a nullipara or 1.5 cm/hr in a multipara or if the active phase last longer than 12 hrs in a primigravida or 6 hrs in a multigravida

A

Protracted active phase

73
Q

May be prescribed to augment labor after an hour to show CPD is not present

A

Oxytocin

74
Q

This phase becomes prolonged when it extend beyond 3 hrs in nullipara or 1 hr in multipara

A

Prolonged deceleration phase

75
Q

Most often results from abnormal fetal head position

A

Prolonged deceleration phase

76
Q

Has occured if there is no progress in cervical dilatation for longer than 2 hrs

A

Secondary arrest of dilatation

77
Q

Dysfunction at the second stage of labor:

A
  1. Prolonged descent
  2. Arrest of descent
78
Q

Occurs if the rate of descent is less than 1.0 cm/hr in a nullipara or 2.0 cm/hr in a multipara

A

Prolonged descent

79
Q

It can be suspected if the second stage last over 2 hrs in a multipara

A

Prolonged descent

80
Q

May be used to induce the uterus to contract effectively

A

IV Oxytocin

81
Q

Used to speed descent:

A
  • semi-Fowler’s position
  • kneeling
  • more effective pushing
82
Q

Results when no descent has occured for 2 hrs in nullipara or 1 hr in multipara.

A

Arrest of descent

83
Q

Occurs when expected descent of the fetus does not begin engagement or movement to 0 station does not occur

A

Arrest of descent

84
Q

CPD is the most likely cause for this during second stage of labor

A

Arrest of descent

85
Q

2 types of contraction rings that occurs in a dysfunctional labor:

A
  1. Constriction ring
  2. Pathologic retraction ring (Bandl’s ring)
86
Q

A simple type that can occur at any point in the myometrium and at any time during labor

A

Constrition ring

87
Q

Occurs at the junction of the upper and lower uterine segments

A

Pathologic retraction ring (Bandl’s ring)

88
Q

The ring usually appears as a horizontal identation across the abdomen

A

Pathologic retraction ring (Bandl’s ring)

89
Q

Usually caused by uncoordinated contractions

A

Pathologic retraction ring (Bandl’s ring)

90
Q

Cervical dilatation that occurs at the rate of 5 or more in a primipara or 10 cm or more in a multipara

A

Precipitate dilatation

91
Q
  • occurs when uterine contractions are so strong a woman gives birth with only a few rapidly occuring contractions
  • often defined as a labor that is completed in a fewer than 3 hrs
A

Precipitate birth

92
Q

Causes of bleeding that happens on the 1st and 2nd trimester

A
  • threatened spontaneous miscarriage
  • imminent inevitable miscarriage
  • complete spontaneous miscarriage
  • ectopic or tubal pregnancy
93
Q

Causes of bleeding that happens on the 1st trimester

A
  • missed miscarriage
  • incomplete spontaneous miscarriage
94
Q

Causes of bleeding that happens on the 2nd trimester

A
  • gestational trophoblastic disease (hydatidiform mole)
  • premature cervical dilatation
95
Q

Causes of bleeding that happens on the 3rd trimester

A
  • placenta previa
  • premature separation of placenta or abruptio placentae
  • pre term labor
96
Q

Implantation of zygote at site other than the uterus associated with tubal constrictures

A

Ectopic or tubal pregnancy

97
Q

Abnormal proliferation of trophoblastic cells, fertilization or division defect

A

Gestational trophoblastic disease (hydatidiform mole)

98
Q

Cervix begins to dilate and follow and pregnancy is lost at about 20 weeks

A

Premature cervical dilatation

99
Q

Tubal scarring is bilateral

A

Ectopic pregnancy

100
Q

When retained trophoblast tissue may become malignant

A

Choriocarcinoma

101
Q

Painless bleeding leading to expulsion of fetus

A

Premature cervical dilatation

102
Q

Low implantation of placenta possibly because of uterine abnormality

A

Placenta previa

103
Q

Painless bleeding as beginning of cervical dilatation

A

Placenta previa

104
Q

Placenta separates from uterus before birth of fetus

A

Premature separation of placenta or abruptio placentae

105
Q

Assessing a pregnant woman with hypovolemic shock

A
  • confusion
  • pallor
  • increased pulse
  • tachypnea
  • decreased blood pressure
106
Q

Is a medical term for any interruption of pregnancy before a fetus is viable

A

Abortion

107
Q

It considered miscarriage when it is:

A

20 to 24 weeks gestation or one that weighs 500 g

108
Q

Vaginal bleeding initially only scant and usually bright red

A

Threatened miscarriage

109
Q

Slight cramping but no cervical dilatation is present

A

Threatened miscarriage

110
Q

If uterine contractions and cervical dilation occur ad with cervical dilation, the loss of the products of conception cannot be halted

A

Imminent inevitable miscarriage

111
Q

The entire product of conception or fetus, membranes or placenta are expelled spontaneously without any assistance

A

Complete miscarriage

112
Q

Part of the conceptus/placenta is expelled but the membranes or placenta are retained in the uterus

A

Incomplete miscarriage

113
Q

The fetus dies in the utero but is not expelled

A

Missed miscarriage

114
Q

Women that had 3 spontaneous miscarriages that occurred at the same gestational age

A

Habitual aborters

115
Q

Complications of miscarriage:

A
  1. Hemorrhage
  2. Infection
  3. Septic abortion
  4. Isoimmunization
  5. Powerlessness or anxiety
  6. Ectopic pregnancy
  7. Gestational pregnancy
  8. Gestational trophoblastic disease
  9. Cervical insufficiency
  10. Placenta previa
116
Q

An abortion complicated by an infection

A

Septic abortion

117
Q

If the fetus is Rh positive and the woman is Rh negative some blood enter into the maternal circulation enough to cause:

A

Isoimmunization

118
Q

One of which implantation occured outside of uterine cavity (fallopian tube)

A

Ectopic pregnancy

119
Q

If deceleration in the fetal heart rate, an abnormally long first stage of labor, lack of progress of pushing (2nd - stage arrest)

A

Cesarean section

NuCM 109 - MCN (2 decks)

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