Nursing care of clients with specific health problems related to reproduction and sexuality Flashcards
A urethral defect in which the urethral opening is not at the end of the penis but on the ventral (lower) aspect of the penis.
Hypospadias
Denotes a urethral opening on the superior or dorsal (i.e., upper) surface.
Epispadias
Urethral defect occurring in approximately 1 in 300 male newborns.
Hypospadias
Urethral defect occurring in approximately 1 in 100,000 male newborns.
Epispadias
Many newborns with hypospadias have an accompanying short
_______ : a fibrous band that causes the penis to curve
downward (often called a cobra-head appearance).
chordee
The opening of the urethra is located somewhere near the head of the penis.
Subcoronal Hypospadias
The opening of the urethra is located along the shaft of the penis.
Midshaft Hypospadias
The opening of the urethra is located where the penis and scrotum meet.
Penoscrotal Hypospadias
Hypospadias
Therapeutic Management
Should not be ___________ :
Circumcised Surgeon may wish to use a portion of the foreskin during repair.
A procedure in which the urethra is extended to a usual position—to establish better urinary function.
Meatotomy
When the child is older (___ to ___ months), adherent chordee can be released. If the repair will be extensive, all surgery may be delayed until the child is __ to __ years of age. Must be corrected before _______ age if at all possible so the child looks and feels like other males.
12 to 18 months
3 to 4 years of age
school age
The child may notice painful bladder spasms as long as the catheter is in place (__ to __ days), so an analgesic such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) and an ____________ medication such as oxybutynin (Ditropan) may be prescribed for pain relief.
3 to 7 days
anticholinergic
Meatal opening at an inferior penile site may interfere with
________ because it does not allow sperm to be deposited close to
the female cervix during coitus.
fertility
A most common benign tumor of the breast in women of all
ages.
Fibrocystic disease of the breast
Fluctuating hormone levels during the menstrual cycle can cause
breast discomfort and areas of lumpy breast tissue that feel
tender, sore and swollen.
Fibrocystic disease of the breast
Most common in older adolescents. Can occur as early as puberty, when estrogen rises to adult levels.
Fibrocystic disease of the breast
List the how you can Diagnosis Fibrocystic disease of the breast
Mammogram and ultrasound.
BSE (breat self examination)
-Should be performed at monthly intervals, preferably 1 week
after menses.
BSE (breat self examination)
-Should be performed at monthly intervals, preferably __ week/s
after menses.
1 week
Fibrocystic disease of the breast
Assessment:
Breast tenderness
Round, fluid-filled, and freely movable cysts form in the
connective breast tissue.
3 patterns in conducting BSE
Lines
Circles
Wedges
Fibrocystic disease of the breast
Medical Management:
-Breast tenderness: Acetaminophen (Tylenol), an NSAID, or warm compresses, avoidance of trauma, and firm bra support.
-Annual breast ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to efficiently locate and identify that the cysts are benign.
Fibrocystic disease
of the breast
Surgical Management:
Aspiration: Reduces the size of
the cyst but also provides fluid
for biopsy.(FNAB)
FNAB
Fine needle aspiration biopsy
The client frequently finds lumps in her breasts, esp. around
her period. Which info should the nurse teach the client re:
breast self care?
1. This is a benign process that does not need follow up.
2. Eliminate chocolate and caffeine from diet.
3. Practice breast self exam monthly.
4. This is how breast cancer starts and she needs surgery
- Practice breast self exam monthly.
-Benign tumors that consist of both fibrotic and glandular
components that occur in response to estrogen stimulation .
-They may increase in size during adolescence, during pregnancy and lactation, or when a woman takes an estrogen source such as an oral contraceptive.
Fibroadenoma
Fibroadenoma
-They may increase in size during adolescence, during pregnancy and lactation, or when a woman takes an _________ source such as an oral contraceptive.
estrogen
Where do fibroadenoma usually occur in the breast?
a. fat
b. muscle
c. lobule
d. milk duct
C. Lobule
Fibroadenoma
Assessment:
-Feels _______ and well delineated, are ________ and freely
movable.
-Occasionally, they _______
and feel extremely hard.
round
painless
calcify
Fibroadenoma
Surgical management:
Breast mass excision (BME)
ADDENDUM: Breast Surgeries
– the surgeon removes:
• all of the breast tissue
• the skin of the breast
• the nipple and the areola (the
dark area around the nipple)
Simple mastectomy (also
called a total mastectomy)